Mr.Rajvardhan Chandravadan Ghatage, Ms. Tejaswini Shivaji Khot
Abstract- Mpox, previously known as monkeypox, is a zoonotic viral disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), a member of the *Poxviridae* family. It is primarily found in regions of Central and West Africa, though recent outbreaks have raised concerns globally, including in non-endemic areas. Mpox presents with flu-like symptoms, followed by a characteristic rash, and can lead to severe health complications, especially in immunocompromised individuals. The disease is transmitted through direct contact with infected animals, humans, or contaminated materials, including bodily fluids and lesions. The initial signs of Mpox include fever, headache, muscle aches, and fatigue, followed by the appearance of a rash that typically begins on the face and spreads to other parts of the body. The lesions go through several stages before forming scabs and eventually falling off. While most cases are self-limiting, severe complications such as pneumonia, encephalitis, and secondary bacterial infections can occur, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The case fatality rate varies between 1 to 10%, depending on the strain of the virus and the health status of the infected individual.The growing global concerns regarding the spread of Mpox have led to increased research into preventive measures, including vaccine development and antiviral treatments. Vaccines originally developed for smallpox have shown some cross-protection against Mpox, and the development of more specific vaccines and therapies is ongoing. Public health strategies focus on early diagnosis, contact tracing, isolation of affected individuals, and education to prevent transmission.This review explores the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnostic approaches, treatment options, and preventive strategies for Mpox, emphasizing the importance of global cooperation in controlling outbreaks and mitigating future risks of viral spillover events.
