Addressing Workplace Violence: Psychological Approaches to Prevention and Support

Research Scholar Ms. Soma Lahiri Mallik, Associate Professor Dr. Nirmala Singh Rathore

Abstract- Workplace violence is a growing concern that significantly impacts employee well-being and organizational functioning. It encompasses a spectrum of behaviours ranging from verbal abuse and bullying to physical assaults, with women being disproportionately affected due to gender-based power imbalances and occupational vulnerabilities. This paper explores the nature of workplace violence, its psychological effects, and evidence-based prevention strategies. Drawing on theoretical frameworks such as the General Aggression Model, Social Learning Theory, and Organizational Justice Theory, it emphasizes how situational and personal factors contribute to workplace aggression. The psychological impact of workplace violence includes increased anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and diminished job satisfaction. Women face specific risks, including sexual harassment, psychological manipulation, and economic discrimination, which are exacerbated by systemic barriers to reporting and intervention. Effective prevention requires a multi-level approach that combines policy implementation, employee training, leadership commitment, and psychological support systems. Key interventions include zero-tolerance policies, Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs), and creating supportive organizational cultures. By integrating psychological insights into prevention and intervention strategies, organizations can foster safer workplaces and promote the mental well-being of all employees. This paper advocates for a holistic and gender-sensitive approach to workplace violence prevention, emphasizing the need for continuous monitoring, transparent reporting mechanisms, and fostering environments of respect and equity.