Hindu Diaspora Communities and Their Religious Practices: A Comprehensive ReviewProfessor Dr. Harikumar Pallathadka1, Professor Dr. Parag Deb

Professor Dr. Harikumar Pallathadka, Professor Dr. Parag Deb Roy

Abstract- This comprehensive review examines the dynamic landscape of Hindu diaspora communities and their religious practices across the globe, analyzing how these communities negotiate identity, maintain traditions, and adapt religious practices in multicultural contexts. Through systematic analysis of 127 peer-reviewed studies, ethnographies, and empirical research conducted between 2000-2024, this paper provides a novel integrative framework for understanding religious adaptation in diaspora settings. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, synthesizing quantitative data on demographic shifts with qualitative insights from anthropological fieldwork across six major geographical regions. Key findings reveal that Hindu diaspora communities demonstrate remarkable resilience through innovative religious practices that create hybrid forms of worship, adapt traditional rituals to local contexts, and utilize technology to maintain transnational religious connections. The paper contributes to diaspora studies by proposing the “Religious Adaptation Continuum” model, which explains how communities balance tradition preservation with contextual innovation. Implications for understanding religious plurality in globalized societies and policy recommendations for supporting religious minorities are discussed.