Authors: Ms. Udita Biswas
Abstract: Jāti is a distinct concept of Indian classical music. Jāti is one of the 10 Prāṇa of Taal that deals with the changing patterns of rhythmic meter subjected to change of the Aksharkāl in one matra of a given taal in North Indian or Hindustani system. However, this phenomenon of altering the Jāti of a certain taal is achieved through a particular way in the Carnatic Sapta Suladi Taal system which is different from that of Hindustani Taal system. This study aims to examine the concept of Jāti in the Hindustani taal and Carnatic taal systems. The paper shall compare how Jāti is defined, categorized, and used in both traditions, focusing on its role in the construction of rhythmic patterns and their application in performances. The methodology involves analysing the classification of Jāti in each system, including the number of matrās and vibhāg in Hindustani Taal system, as well as the rhythmic patterns derived by alterations in the Laghu of the Carnatic Taal system. Data collection for this study involves gathering information through relevant books and other textual sources from academic libraries to explore the key themes. The findings shall highlight similarities and differences in the treatment of Jāti, such as its flexibility in Hindustani music versus its more structured use in Carnatic music. The study shall conclude by emphasizing the importance of Jāti in maintaining rhythmic integrity and enhancing the musical expression in both classical traditions, shedding light on their unique approaches to rhythm and musical form.
