Authors: Bhupendra Singh, Dr. Gayatri Sanjay Patil
Abstract: Forensic science comprises several scientific fields, including DNA analysis, fingerprint examination, ballistics, toxicology, and digital forensics, among others. These disciplines are essential for crime scene investigation, evidence collecting, analysis, and courtroom presentation. In recent years, there has been rising recognition of the role of forensic science in the Indian ‘Criminal Justice System’ (CJS). It plays a significant function in the CJS by supplying scientific evidence to aid in the investigation and resolution of criminal cases. The application of forensic science in the Indian criminal justice system faces various problems that affect the quality and reliability of forensic evidence. The lack of thorough forensic training programs for law enforcement personnel, outdated forensic infrastructure, a lack of standardization and accreditation of forensic laboratories, and unclear protocols for the gathering, preserving, and analysis of forensic evidence are some of these difficulties. These problems may result in contaminated evidence, erroneous conclusions, and improper handling of the evidence, all of which could have a negative impact on criminal case outcomes and injustices. By overcoming these obstacles, the criminal justice system in India may be strengthened, forensic evidence can be given greater quality and reliability, and justice can be administered in a trustworthy and equitable manner. Forensic science's use in the Indian criminal justice system must therefore be assessed and improved in order to guarantee that it is solid, trustworthy, and compliant with global best practices. This study paper intends to explore several domains of forensic science, the current legislative framework & relevant court precedents in the Indian criminal justice system, by highlighting problems, and giving ideas for further improvement.
