Digital Transformation in Matrimony: A Comprehensive Analysis of Consumer Acceptance and Market Potential of Digital Wedding Planning Platforms for Middle-Income Demographics
Authors: Abhishek Prakash Shende
Abstract: The global wedding industry, a sector historically characterized by fragmentation, high emotional stakes, and significant information asymmetry, is currently undergoing a profound digital transformation. This research paper provides an exhaustive analysis of the market potential and consumer acceptance of digital wedding planning platforms (DWPPs), with a specific focus on the middle-income demographic—a segment increasingly squeezed by inflationary pressures and shifting societal norms. Synthesizing data from market reports, consumer behavior studies, and technological forecasts, this report evaluates the efficacy of algorithmic solutions, artificial intelligence (AI), and integrated marketplaces in democratizing access to professional planning services. It explores the tension between the traditional “human touch” required for nuptial events and the efficiency of the “platform economy,” analyzing adoption drivers, economic barriers, and the future of the “WedTech” ecosystem. The findings suggest that for middle-income consumers, digital platforms have transitioned from optional conveniences to essential financial and logistical infrastructure, driven by the need to optimize budgets in an era of rising costs.
Language: The Arbiter of Thought, Perception and Reality
Authors: Sapana Awana
Abstract: Language is not merely a tool for communication but a fundamental framework through which human thought, perception, and reality are shaped and interpreted. This paper examines the role of language as an active mediator of cognition, arguing that linguistic structures influence how individuals conceptualize the world, form knowledge, and assign meaning to experience. Drawing on insights from linguistics, philosophy, cognitive science, and social theory, the study explores how language shapes perception, constructs social realities, and reinforces cultural norms and power relations. By analyzing the interplay between language and thought, the paper highlights the extent to which reality is not simply perceived but linguistically constructed. Ultimately, it argues that understanding language as an arbiter of reality is essential for grasping how knowledge, identity, and worldview are formed and transformed.
A Comprehensive Understanding of Remote Working on Employees’ Job Satisfaction for Employee Performance in the Sri Lankan Non-Banking Financial Sector
Authors: Chamil Prasad, Krishan Kumarapeli
Abstract: Remote working has become a well-known phenomenon in the world. With the revolution of technology and considering a few complexities in the world, remote working has become popular in the world’s industries. Especially in countries like Sri Lanka, with the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic period, remote working has become popular, and a lot of industries are willing to maintain the same practice. It has reported that some employees are unhappy with remote working, but companies can save a lot of money with remote working. But many findings have indicated that there is high performance and satisfaction among employees who are willing to work remotely. Sri Lanka, as a developing country, should have many considerations to uplift the economy. Therefore, industries have a crucial responsibility to contribute more effectively to achieving that while maintaining high performance in the competitive market. At the same time, employee satisfaction and motivation are regarded as another mandatory factor for industry performance. To ensure remote working is effective, this research process has designed to fill the very urgent vacuum. Based on the Job Demand Resource model, employee satisfaction with remote working has an impact on employee performance in the non-banking sector. A quantitative method will be used, followed by the deductive approach, this comprehensive research investigates 300 remote working employees using a questionnaire to identify Sri Lankan remote working employees’ satisfaction to maximize their working performances. The results indicated that there is a high level of job satisfaction among remote working employees and they have a higher job performance than other employees. Specially work life balance and the convenience regarded to be the main panaceas to maximize employee’s performance.
Perspectives On Employability Skills from the Point of View of A College Students
Authors: Gopi M, Dr. Manoj Kumar Sharma
Abstract: India has a great potential of youth as a considerable section of people are educated, although not formally employed, and are prepared to enter the labour force. In today’s competitive job market, it is not enough to have just educational qualifications. The true challenge is imparting methods to shorten the time frames that separate education and work in life education context. This research aims to investigate how important employability skills have become and which soft skills make graduates job ready. A survey that was exploratory in nature was done on 100 college students of the city Hyderabad , the sample was diverse yet academically homogeneous. The survey employed a semi-structured questionnaire that reported employability skills such as communication, leadership, time management, problem solving, teamwork, creativity and self-management. Through factor analysis and multiple regression analysis, we tested the effects of the different soft skills with overall employability, which were the variables. Researchers discovered a significant positive relationship between people’s levels of employability and their levels of core skills (Listening, Learning, Computer literacy, Logical reasoning, Team work, Work ethics and Organizational thinking). The findings of this research underline the pressing need for the HEIs to include structured training sessions / workshops on skill development as per current industry requirements. This research presents a novel contribution because it not only predicts the essential employability skills but also gradually forecasts the impact of structured skill building approaches on increasing student’s career readiness which has not been studied in the past.
Psychological Realism And Human Conflict In The Novels Of Vijay Tendulkar
Authors: Mr S. Rajasekar, Dr V.S. Saravanan
Abstract: Vijay Tendulkar’s novels are marked by intense psychological realism and a profound exploration of human conflict rooted in social, moral, and existential tensions. This study examines how Tendulkar delves into the inner lives of his characters, exposing suppressed desires, fears, guilt, aggression, and ethical dilemmas. His narratives portray individuals caught between personal impulses and rigid social structures, revealing conflicts related to power, gender, sexuality, violence, and alienation. Through stark realism and uncompromising honesty, Tendulkar presents human behavior as complex and often contradictory, shaped by both psychological forces and societal pressures. The analysis highlights how his use of psychological realism deepens the portrayal of conflict, making his novels powerful critiques of middle-class morality and institutionalized hypocrisy. Ultimately, Tendulkar’s fiction underscores the fragility of human relationships and the persistent struggle between conscience and survival.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18278629
Innovative Green Finance Models for Sustainable Development in Chhattisgarh
Authors: Nagesh Mandavi
Abstract: Chhattisgarh, one of India’s richest states in minerals and forests, presents a paradox: vast natural wealth coexists with widespread poverty. The central challenge is achieving economic growth while conserving its abundant natural resources—especially given that nearly 44% of the state’s land remains under forest cover. This paper explores how innovative green finance models can help Chhattisgarh pursue environmentally responsible and economically inclusive development. After outlining the state’s socio-economic and ecological context, the paper reviews major green financial instruments such as green bonds, carbon credits and emissions trading systems, ESG investing, payments for ecosystem services (PES), and green microfinance or blended finance. For each instrument, practical applications suited to Chhattisgarh are proposed: municipal green bonds for clean urban infrastructure, forest-based carbon credit projects, ESG-driven investment in cleaner industrial practices, community PES schemes to support forest conservation, and microfinance products that promote climate-resilient agriculture. The paper draws on successful examples from India and abroad—including Indore’s oversubscribed green bonds, Himachal Pradesh watershed PES scheme, and Costa Rica’s national PES program—to demonstrate the feasibility of such models. It also identifies key barriers, including limited institutional capacity, regulatory gaps, and investor perceptions of risk, and suggests strategies such as strengthening policy frameworks, improving financial expertise, and encouraging multilateral agencies to share risk. The conclusion emphasizes that with supportive policies and coordinated action among government, investors, and civil society, green finance can unlock substantial investment for sustainable development, helping Chhattisgarh advance toward India’s broader climate and green growth goals.
Reviving Elegance: A Modern Interpretation of the Art Deco Era
Authors: Dr. Geetha Margret Soundri S, Monika G, Subhiksha S R, Dharani T, Afrid Suhaina R, Suganya N
Abstract: This project focuses on reviving the art deco elements and interpreting them in current fashion. Research, analysis, garment construction, survey, and result & discussion are the five main steps of the project, which explores the rich visual and cultural aspects of the Art Deco era, including its recognizable geometric patterns, rich textiles, striking silhouettes, and elaborate details. These traits are reinterpreted to fit contemporary fashion trends and tastes. Through in-depth investigation and imaginative testing is developed and constructed clothing that captures the essence of the time while sticking to modern aesthetics and practicality. A survey was conducted to the public to gather feedback on the impact and appeal of the revived designs and elements. The result reflects the promising blend of nostalgia and innovation. The project’s primary goal is to bring back historical details and incorporate them into everyday clothing.
Yatha Dravya Tatha Guna”: Philosophical Basis and Contemporary Relevance of Drug Substitution (Abhav Pratinidhi Dravya) in Ayurveda and Modern Medicine
Authors: Dr. Kannamal Chandrawadan Jadhav, Dr. Prasanna Tukaram Gavali, Dr. Anupama Santosh Patil
Abstract: The Ayurvedic principle “Yatha Dravya Tatha Guna” emphasizes that the therapeutic efficacy of a substance is determined by its intrinsic qualities (Guna) and actions (Karma) rather than its external form or nomenclature. In the present era, increasing scarcity of medicinal plants due to overexploitation, habitat destruction, and environmental changes poses significant challenges to the continuity of traditional therapeutic practices. Within this context, the Ayurvedic concept of Abhav Pratinidhi Dravya, or substitute drugs, provides a systematic and rational framework to ensure uninterrupted treatment while preserving therapeutic integrity. The objective of this study is to critically analyze the philosophical foundation of drug substitution in Ayurveda and to examine its conceptual compatibility with modern pharmacological principles. The study is based on a comprehensive review of classical Ayurvedic literature, including authoritative texts such as Bhavaprakasha, Yogaratnakara, and Bhaishajya Ratnavali. The criteria for substitution were examined through the lens of Rasapanchaka, encompassing Rasa, Guna, Virya, Vipaka, and Prabhava, along with their clinical relevance and therapeutic outcomes. In addition, modern scientific perspectives were incorporated by considering parameters such as phytochemical similarity and pharmacological validation using analytical techniques like TLC,HPLC and HPTLC. The findings indicate that classical Ayurvedic substitution primarily depends on the similarity of Karma and Rasapanchaka rather than botanical identity. Several traditional substitutions demonstrate remarkable therapeutic equivalence, such as the use of Shatavari as a substitute for Meda owing to comparable Rasayana properties, and Cyperus rotundus as an accessible alternative to Aconitum heterophyllum. Contemporary pharmacological evaluation supports these substitutions through the identification of comparable bioactive compounds, reinforcing the scientific plausibility of traditional practices.In conclusion, the concept of Abhav Pratinidhi Dravya plays a crucial role in ensuring therapeutic reliability, patient safety, and ecological sustainability. The integration of Ayurvedic principles with modern pharmacological validation highlights the relevance of substitution as a rational, evidence-informed approach to addressing the global scarcity of genuine medicinal resources. This convergence of ancient wisdom and modern science offers a sustainable pathway for the continued application of Ayurvedic therapeutics in contemporary healthcare.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18326349
The Hyper-Realistic Threat: Analyzing India’s Legal and Social Response to AI-Deepfakes and NCII As Gender Based Violence
Authors: Megha Das
Abstract: As India’s digital presence explodes, so too does a terrifying new frontier of abuse: AI-generated deepfakes and the non-consensual sharing of intimate images (NCII). These technology-facilitated attacks aren’t just technical crimes; they are potent forms of gender-based violence (GBV) causing devastating, real-world harm. This paper steps into a critical research gap by analyzing this escalating threat specifically through an Indian lens. Using a systematic review of secondary data, we draw on evidence from the NCRB’s crime statistics, MeitY’s government advisories, and recent Indian legal scholarship. Our primary goal is to assess whether existing laws, namely the Information Technology (IT) Act, 2000, and the new provisions under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, are equipped to fight hyper-realistic, AI-driven abuse. The analysis reveals a crucial flaw: current legal definitions struggle to keep pace with the technology, leading to inconsistent platform accountability and delayed justice for survivors. Furthermore, the intense social stigma faced by women in India who report these incidents compounds the abuse, turning a digital crime into a personal catastrophe. This paper concludes by offering concrete, local strategies needed to strengthen legal protection, enforce platform responsibility, and create a safer, more accountable online space for all Indian women.
Academic Resilience and Learning Styles among Higher Secondary School Students
Authors: Muhammed Salim A.P, Dr. Syamala Devi M.B.
Abstract: This study investigates the association between academic resilience and learning styles among higher secondary school students in Kozhikode, Kerala. A sample of 300 students was selected using stratified sampling based on gender, locale, stream of study, and type of management. Standardized tools – the Academic Resilience Scale and Learning Styles Inventory – were used for data collection. The findings revealed significant differences in academic resilience based on learning styles and demographic variables such as gender and stream of study. A notable association between academic resilience and learning styles was observed. The study emphasizes the role of individualized learning approaches to enhance academic resilience and academic outcomes.
Procurement Planning, Supplier Negotiation, And Cost Performance In Water Service Providers (WSPs)
Authors: Alfred Mwatika Mghanga, Mr.Eric Mathuva, Mr. Patrick Egondi
Abstract: This study investigates the impact of procurement planning, supplier negotiation, and their interaction on cost performance in Water Service Providers (WSPs) in Kenya. It explores how procurement planning practices influence financial outcomes, with a focus on supplier negotiation as a potential moderator of this relationship. Using data from 221 respondents across 81 WSPs, the study conducts multiple linear regression analysis to test the direct effects of procurement planning and supplier negotiation on cost performance and the moderating effect of supplier negotiation. The findings indicate that supplier negotiation significantly influences cost performance, while procurement planning does not have a direct impact on cost performance. Furthermore, the study finds that supplier negotiation does not moderate the relationship between procurement planning and cost performance. These results highlight the importance of enhancing supplier negotiation practices to improve cost efficiency and financial performance in WSPs. The study concludes with recommendations for managers to invest in procurement planning improvements, supplier negotiation training, and e-procurement adoption to optimize resource utilization and enhance service delivery.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18359021
The Structure And Semantic Role Of Reduplication In The Nagpuri Language
Authors: Vicky Minz
Abstract: Reduplication in Nagpuri is a key linguistic and stylistic feature that plays a vital role in expressing semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic nuances. It involves the repetition of a whole word, part of a word, or specific sounds to convey a variety of meanings and functions. This study examines the structural patterns and semantic roles of reduplication in Nagpuri, particularly in verbs, adjectives, nouns, and adverbs. Reduplication in Nagpuri is employed to indicate continuity, repetition, simultaneity, distributive plurality, imminence, desideration, generality, exclusiveness, intensity, and uncertainty. For example, constructions like “chalat-chalat”, “haste-haste”, and “piyas-piyas” simultaneously convey repeated action, gradual progression, and emotional or quantitative intensity. The study identifies distinct categories of reduplication in Nagpuri: distributive, exclusive, repetitive, continuous, reciprocal, simultaneity of action, and degree of manifestation. Each type serves a specific communicative and expressive function, allowing speakers to articulate subtle distinctions in action, emotion, or state. For instance, distributive forms reflect the spread of action across multiple agents while maintaining individual responsibility, whereas exclusive forms highlight limitation to a particular subject or object. Similarly, reduplication can indicate the imminence of an action or emphasize the intensity and degree of a phenomenon. Reduplication also enhances the expressive richness and cultural identity of Nagpuri, making everyday speech more vivid, nuanced, and emotionally resonant. It reflects not only the grammatical structure of the language but also the cognitive and sociocultural perspectives of its speakers. This study demonstrates that reduplication in Nagpuri is not merely a stylistic device but a core mechanism for semantic precision and pragmatic effectiveness, contributing to the language’s vibrancy and preserving its cultural heritage. The findings provide a comprehensive understanding of how reduplication functions both structurally and semantically, offering insights for comparative studies in South Asian linguistics and tribal language research.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18360545
The Changing Face Of Nationalism In India: Challenges And Opportunities
Authors: Dr. Arun Garg
Abstract: Nationalism has remained a powerful and evolving force in India’s political and social life, shaping the country’s struggle for independence, postcolonial state-building, and contemporary democratic debates. This article examines the changing nature of nationalism in India, tracing its historical roots, diverse forms, and present-day implications for democracy, secularism, and national integration. Emerging in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as a response to British colonial rule, Indian nationalism was deeply influenced by cultural revivalism, social reform, and the pursuit of political freedom. Leaders such as Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Swami Vivekananda, and Mahatma Gandhi articulated visions of national identity grounded in spiritual heritage, social reform, and non-violent resistance, laying the foundations of an inclusive yet complex nationalist discourse. The article argues that Indian nationalism has never been monolithic; rather, it has manifested in multiple forms, including religious, linguistic, and cultural nationalism. These strands have played significant roles in shaping political mobilization and identity formation but have also generated tensions. Religious nationalism, particularly Hindu nationalism, has influenced contemporary political developments and raised questions about majoritarianism, minority rights, and the constitutional principle of secularism. Linguistic nationalism, while promoting cultural recognition and federal accommodation, has also produced inter-regional competition. Cultural nationalism has contributed to the preservation of heritage but can risk exclusion when linked to a singular cultural narrative. The study further explores structural challenges to building a cohesive national identity in a society marked by vast religious, linguistic, caste, regional, and gender diversities. Issues such as regionalism, caste-based inequality, gender disparities, and socio-economic exclusion complicate efforts toward national integration. The article concludes that the future of Indian nationalism depends on its capacity to remain inclusive, pluralistic, and constitutionally grounded. Reconciling diverse identities with shared democratic values—such as secularism, equality, and social justice—is essential for sustaining social cohesion. Rather than abandoning nationalism, India’s challenge lies in reshaping it into a democratic and integrative force capable of accommodating diversity while fostering a common civic identity.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18383278
How English Intonation Shapes Meaning: Attitude, Emphasis, and Pragmatic Intent.
Authors: Abbas Mohammed Jasim
Abstract: This paper examines how English intonation contributes to meaning beyond the lexical content of an utterance, focusing on three core dimensions: speaker attitude, emphasis (prominence), and pragmatic intent in interaction. Drawing on a prosodic and intonational-phonological perspective, the study explains intonation as an integrated phenomenon shaped primarily by pitch modulation, but closely coordinated with stress, timing (duration), and intensity. It outlines key surface properties of English prosody—especially the steep prominence gradient between stressed and unstressed syllables—and shows how pitch landmarks cluster around accented syllables to form pitch accents that structure the “tune” of an utterance. The paper also reviews major models of intonation within phonological approaches, highlighting the use of discrete categories such as pitch accents and boundary tones, while acknowledging gradient, non-categorial components such as pitch range, span, and downtrend that vary with involvement and speaker commitment. Functionally, the study demonstrates that intonation operates as spoken “punctuation,” signaling grammatical groupings and boundaries; it organizes information structure by marking focus and enabling deaccenting; it supports discourse interpretation, including the distinction between statements and questions; and it regulates interactional flow through turn-taking cues. Overall, the study concludes that English intonation is a central resource for conveying linguistic and social meaning, combining phonological regularities with flexible, context-sensitive choices that speakers exploit to express attitudes, highlight information, and manage conversational goals.
Excessive Use of Social Media and Digital Games as Barriers to Academic Engagement among Higher Secondary Students
Authors: Muhammed Inshaf
Abstract: The increasing penetration of digital technology has significantly influenced students’ learning environments and behavioural patterns. Social media platforms, particularly Instagram with its short-form video feature known as Reels, along with digital games, have become dominant components of students’ daily lives. While these technologies possess educational potential, their excessive and unregulated use has emerged as a serious challenge to academic engagement. This article presents a reflective, classroom-based study examining the impact of excessive social media usage and digital gaming on students’ attention, concentration, seriousness towards studies, and overall academic engagement at the Higher Secondary level. Observations indicate that addiction to short-form video content and prolonged gaming reduces attention span, classroom participation, and study discipline. The study also highlights the need for pedagogical strategies and parental involvement to promote balanced digital habits and improve students’ academic engagement.
Time As A Force Of Transformation: Identity And Ageing In Egan’s A Visit From The Goon Squad
Authors: Murtadha Mundher Hussein.
Abstract: Tribal entrepreneurship plays an important role in improving income, livelihood, and social development of tribal communities. This study focuses on the opportunities and challenges faced by tribal entrepreneurs in Kokkal and Sholur villages of the Nilgiris district. Primary data was collected from 120 tribal entrepreneurs through structured questionnaires. Percentage analysis, ranking method, and chi-square test were used. The study finds that majority of entrepreneurs are young and educated but financially weak. Agriculture, tourism, and handicrafts are the major business activities. Major problems include lack of finance, poor loan accessibility, infrastructure issues, and weak market linkages. Awareness about government schemes is moderate, but implementation and accessibility remain limited. The study suggests financial inclusion, better infrastructure, skill development, and strong policy support to promote sustainable tribal entrepreneurship.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18387167
Investigating Gender Differences In Students’ Social Studies Academic Self-Efficacy And Achievement
Authors: Edward Joseph Lopez, John Ace Martin, Edel Paclian
Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate whether gender differences exist in students’ academic self-efficacy and achievement in Social Studies. It employed a descriptive-correlational and comparative design, involving 100 Grade 8 students from West Fairview High School, Quezon City, representing both genders, respectively. The study focused on measuring the student’s perceived academic self-efficacy in which they will answer a validated 4-point Likert scale survey. and their first-quarter grades in Araling Panlipunan 8, which will be determined their first -quarter Social Studies grades for the School Year 2025-2026. Data were analyzed using the Mean, Pearson r, and Independent Sample t-test. The results of revealed that both male and female students achieved a low level of perceived academic self-efficacy in social studies 8, with a general mean score of 2.80 and 2.79 accordingly. Considering a low level of academic self-efficacy, both genders recorded a satisfactory performance, with mean scores of 83.78 and 84.80, respectively. Moreover, self-efficacy was not found to be a strong determinant of academic performance for either gender. Furthermore, the independent samples t test indicated no significant difference in academic self-efficacy and academic performance between genders. Hence, the findings suggest that other factors, such as instructional strategies, learning environment, and study habits, may influence achievement more significantly than gender or self-efficacy alone. The study concludes that gender is not a reliable determinant of academic self-efficacy or academic performance and achievement in Social Studies. It recommends integrating confidence-building activities, differentiated instruction, and school-wide support programs to enhance student engagement. Future researches may explore broader variables and include larger samples across different schools and grade levels.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18387589
Lack Of Foundational English Skills, Limited Exposure, And Inhibition: Challenges Faced By Higher Secondary Learners
Authors: Mufsin P. K
Abstract: At the Higher Secondary level, English functions both as a subject and as a crucial medium for learning, assessment, and communication. However, a significant number of learners struggle to meet the academic demands of this stage due to weak foundational language skills, limited exposure to English, and strong language inhibition. These factors act as major barriers to comprehension, classroom interaction, and academic performance. This paper presents a classroom-based reflective study that examines how the lack of basic English proficiency affects teaching and learning at the Higher Secondary level. The study is based on sustained classroom observation and teacher–student interaction in a government school context in Kerala. It analyses the major challenges faced by learners and proposes practical, classroom-level strategies to support them. The study argues that addressing foundational gaps and affective barriers is essential for meaningful English language learning at the Higher Secondary level.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18388086
Women-Centric Festivals And Social Cohesion In Assamese Society
Authors: Dr. Arati Basumatary
Abstract: Culture is collectively experienced and celebrated by the people of a society. India is home to a wide variety of ceremonies and festivals, which reflect the religious sentiments, social harmony, and rich cultural heritage of its people. In Assam, festivals occupy a significant place in social and cultural life. The state observes numerous festivals, most notably the national festival Bihu, which brings together people from all sections of society. The origins of many Assamese festivals are deeply rooted in traditional social practices, particularly those initiated and preserved by women. These women-centric festivals hold a special position in Assamese social life. Through such celebrations, women express their creativity, fertility, motherhood, and social identity. This paper attempts to analyse the nature of women-centric festivals in Assamese society and examines their role in fostering social cohesion and cultural unity.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18401958
A Comprehensive Review of Sheetpitta with Special Reference to Urticaria
Authors: Dr.Snehal Bhalchandra Vibhute, Dr.Prasanna Tukaram Gavali, Dr. Anupama Santosh Patil
Abstract: Sheetpitta is a common dermatological disorder described in Ayurvedic classics, characterized by the sudden appearance of erythematous, elevated, itchy wheals over the skin associated with burning sensation, pricking pain, and occasional swelling. The condition is primarily caused by the vitiation of Vata and Kapha Dosha along with the involvement of Pitta, leading to the manifestation of symptoms on the skin. Etiological factors such as incompatible diet (Viruddha Ahara), excessive intake of cold, heavy, sour, and fermented foods, exposure to cold wind, seasonal variations, stress, and suppression of natural urges play a significant role in the pathogenesis of Sheetpitta.From a modern medical perspective, Sheetpitta closely resembles urticaria, a hypersensitivity reaction mediated by mast cell degranulation and histamine release, resulting in transient wheals, erythema, and intense pruritus. The episodic nature, rapid onset, and recurrence of symptoms further strengthen the clinical correlation between these two conditions. Ayurveda explains the disease process through Dosha-Dushya Sammurchana, primarily affecting Rasa and Rakta Dhatu, with Twak being the main site of manifestation.Management of Sheetpitta in Ayurveda emphasizes Nidana Parivarjana (avoidance of causative factors), Shodhana therapies such as Vamana and Virechana depending on Dosha predominance, and Shamana therapy using drugs having Tikta, Katu, and Kashaya Rasa with Sheeta or Ushna Virya as required. Rasayana therapy and lifestyle modifications are also advocated to prevent recurrence.This review highlights the classical Ayurvedic description of Sheetpitta, its etiopathogenesis, clinical features, and management, and correlates it with the modern understanding of urticaria. An integrative approach combining Ayurvedic principles with contemporary medical knowledge may offer effective and holistic management of this condition.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18409817
Policies for Nursing Training and Professional Development and Their Impact on Health System Sustainability
Authors: Ahmad Yousef Dawood Baniomar
Abstract: Sustainable health systems depend heavily on a competent, motivated, and continuously evolving nursing workforce. Nursing management and health policy play central roles in shaping training frameworks, professional development pathways, and workforce retention strategies. Over the past decade, global healthcare systems have increasingly recognized that investment in nurses’ education and skill development is not merely a human resource function but a core policy priority that directly influences service quality, patient safety, and system resilience. This article examines the impact of nursing training and professional development policies on health system sustainability, focusing on four key dimensions: continuous nursing education, government qualification policies, workforce retention, and service quality improvement. Drawing on recent peer-reviewed literature and international policy reports, the study highlights how structured learning systems, supportive regulatory frameworks, and career development opportunities contribute to stronger healthcare outcomes. Challenges such as funding constraints, workload pressures, and unequal access to training are also discussed. The article concludes with evidence-based policy recommendations aimed at strengthening nursing workforce development as a foundation for sustainable healthcare systems.
Silence as Strategic Thought: Gestational Spaces and Embodied Inscriptions in Early-to-Mid 20th-Century African American Women’s Narratives.
Authors: Prerika Thakur, Assistant professor Ms. Swarali joshi
Abstract: This paper flips the script on how we think about silence in early-to-mid 20th-century African American women’s novels. Instead of seeing silence as a void, a sign of weakness, or defeat, I treat it as an active, creative space—a kind of workshop where characters rebuild themselves after trauma and find ways to push back against oppression, even if they never say a word. I dig into five classic novels—Nella Larsen’s Quicksand, Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God, Ann Petry’s The Street, Margaret Walker’s Jubilee, and Alice Walker’s The Color Purple. Through close readings of key moments, I show how silence actually does a lot of heavy lifting. Celie, in The Color Purple, pieces together her world through quilting. Janie in Their Eyes, with her loose hair and powerful testimony, refuses to disappear. Lutie’s quiet struggle in a windy hallway in The Street stands up to a city always watching. Vyry’s work in the kitchen in Jubilee carries survival skills across generations. And Helga Crane’s withdrawal in Quicksand hints at doors that never open for some voices. I ground my thinking in trauma theory (Caruth, Laub), Black feminist thought (Patricia Hill Collins, bell hooks, Audre Lorde), postcolonial critique (Spivak), and the idea of hidden resistance (James C. Scott), while also pushing back against Eurocentric blind spots with insights from Stef Craps and Ruth Leys. The way these novels are written—the gaps in letters, the tight realism, the messy endings—pulls readers into the experience of silence, demanding we feel its weight. In worlds scarred by Jim Crow and haunted by slavery, silence becomes a tool for survival, a way to pass on knowledge, and a quiet kind of rebellion. I argue that, instead of seeing silence as something broken or sick, we should recognize it as a powerful, political force—a way of thinking that doesn’t always need words.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18411632
Innovative Language Teaching Among Engineering Students With Respect To Speaking And Writing
Authors: Indu Sharma
Abstract: As English remains the global language for science and technology, engineering students must master professional communication to remain competitive in the job market. This study investigates the transition from traditional General English (GE) to English for Specific Purposes (ESP). Utilizing a mixed-methods approach with 143 participants, the research evaluates the effectiveness of technological interventions and task-based learning. Results indicate that 73.4% of students showed significant improvement in writing skills following innovative interventions, with a strong correlation between technology use and language proficiency. The study draws on various philosophical and linguistic frameworks.
Education For Communal Harmony: A Gandhian Approach To Sustainable Development
Authors: Dr. Romana Ali, Dr. Sunita Kejriwal
Abstract: Ramkanta Bose Street, Kolkata- 700003. Gandhian’s principles hold profound implications for maintaining harmony and achieving sustainability in the present day. India is facing threats to its communal harmony due to differences based on languages, cultures, economic, social conflicts, and terrorism. Such intergroup conflicts manifest an absence of cohesion in the community which not only impacts the economic growth, social upliftment and political stability but also hinder the foundation of sustainable development. Thus, educating the youth for acting in a mature way for suppression of communal violence and promoting harmony with sustainable concepts is urgently required. Since youth comprise a large chunk of India’s working population. Therefore, teachers through their participatory role in the classroom can help in developing core values of morality, humanism, nonviolence and social justice which encourages intercultural pluralism and also envisions a future that is free from the threat of disharmony. Besides, practicing spirituality in higher education would create a workforce transcending ethnocentrism and egocentrism ushering communal harmony and peace.The study highlights the core principles of Gandhian philosophy as a roadmap to sustainability and spiritualism to develop harmony in community.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18439267
Auto Water Level Controlle
Authors: Dherange Nikhil Namdev, Narawade Gaurav Balasaheb, Sonawane Aryan Nitin, Adinath Shankar Satpute
Abstract: Water scarcity and inefficient water management are growing concerns in residential, agricultural, and industrial sectors. Manual operation of water pumps often results in overflow, water wastage, unnecessary power consumption, and damage to the motor due to dry running. This paper presents an Automatic Water Level Controller with intelligent monitoring and motor protection features. The proposed system continuously senses the water level in a storage tank and controls the pump automatically without human intervention. In addition to basic ON/OFF control, the system improves reliability by reducing motor stress, optimizing pump runtime, and ensuring safe operation. The design is simple, cost-effective, and suitable for everyday applications, contributing to sustainable water and energy management.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18439453
Bridging The Educational Divide: The Transformative Role Of ICT In Classroom Teaching In Remote Schools
Authors: Neeraj Kumar Joshi
Abstract: The integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education has emerged as a powerful strategy for bridging educational disparities, particularly in remote and underserved schools. This paper examines the transformative role of ICT in classroom teaching in remote areas, focusing on its potential to enhance access to quality education, improve teaching effectiveness, and promote learner engagement. Through the use of digital tools such as computers, mobile devices, internet resources, and educational software, ICT enables innovative pedagogical approaches that overcome geographical isolation and resource constraints. The study highlights how ICT supports teacher professional development, facilitates learner-centered instruction, and fosters collaborative and inclusive learning environments. Despite its benefits, the paper also discusses key challenges to ICT integration in remote schools, including inadequate infrastructure, limited digital literacy, and policy constraints. The findings suggest that with adequate investment, training, and supportive policies, ICT can significantly contribute to reducing educational inequities and improving learning outcomes in remote school settings.
DOI: http://doi.org/
Continuous and Comprehensive Assessment Practices During the Covid-19 Pandemic at Secondary Schools in Kerala
Authors: Alka T, Dr. Santhosh Areekkuzhiyil
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic caused an unprecedented disruption in the education system, compelling schools to shift abruptly from traditional classroom teaching to online and virtual modes. This sudden transition posed serious challenges to student assessment, particularly in implementing Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE), which emphasizes holistic, formative, and learner-centred assessment. The present study examines the practices of Continuous and Comprehensive Assessment adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic at secondary schools in Kerala. A qualitative research design was employed, and data were collected from 110 secondary school teachers using a structured questionnaire. The responses were analysed using thematic analysis with partial quantification. The findings reveal that teachers adopted diverse assessment strategies such as online assignments, projects, oral tests, quizzes, portfolios, and digital feedback mechanisms. However, major challenges included lack of direct interaction, technological constraints, assessment reliability issues, increased workload, and difficulties in evaluating co-scholastic aspects. The study highlights the need for teacher training, improved digital infrastructure, and flexible assessment policies to strengthen CCE practices in online and blended learning environments. The findings have important implications for policymakers, school administrators, and educators in rethinking assessment practices during crisis situations.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18440247
The Literary Concept Of Beauty In John Keats: Romantic, Modern, And Postmodern Perspectives With Biblical And Canadian Insights
Authors: Dr. T.S. Praveen Kumar
Abstract: This research article examines John Keats’ conception of beauty through Romantic, Modernist, and Postmodernist literary frameworks, integrating insights from Biblical scripture and Canadian literary thought. Keats, a seminal figure in English Romanticism, conceptualized beauty as eternal, transcendent, and morally and spiritually redemptive. By analyzing primary texts, including Endymion, Ode on a Grecian Urn, Ode to a Nightingale, Lamia, and Isabella, alongside critical interpretations from Modernist and Postmodernist perspectives, the study traces the evolution of beauty across temporal and cultural contexts. Canadian writers such as Margaret Atwood and Northrop Frye provide comparative insights, while Biblical texts underscore the spiritual and ethical dimensions. This study incorporates literary analysis, cross-cultural perspectives, and contemporary theoretical frameworks to examine the continuity and transformation of the concept of beauty.
Artificial Intelligence In Retail Demand Forecasting: Effects On Inventory Performance And Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Asma Jasmine, Dr. Chokkamreddy Prakash, Dr. Naresh Choppari
Abstract: The rapid growth of omnichannel retailing and volatile consumer demand has exposed the limitations of traditional demand forecasting techniques. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) offer superior capabilities for handling large-scale, nonlinear, and real-time retail data. This study examines the effectiveness of AI-driven demand forecasting models and their impact on inventory performance and customer satisfaction in retail environments. Drawing on prior research, the study integrates explainable AI, human–AI collaboration, managerial trust, organizational readiness, and technical debt into a comprehensive empirical framework. Using a quantitative, cross-sectional research design, data were collected from 260 retail and supply chain professionals and analyzed using regression, mediation, and moderation techniques. The findings indicate that AI-based forecasting significantly improves forecasting accuracy, reduces stockouts and excess inventory, and enhances customer satisfaction. Explainable AI and human–AI collaboration emerged as critical drivers of managerial trust and inventory decision quality, while organizational readiness strengthened and technical debt weakened AI performance outcomes. The study contributes to AI and retail analytics literature by moving beyond accuracy-focused evaluations and highlighting the strategic role of trust, explainability, and organizational context in AI adoption.
Awareness on Citizenship Education among B.Ed. College Students
Authors: NP.A. Nazar, Dr. C. K. Babu
Abstract: Citizenship education plays a vital role in developing responsible, informed, and active citizens in a democratic society. Teacher education institutions, especially B.Ed. colleges, are key platforms for nurturing civic awareness and democratic values among future teachers. The present study aims to examine the level of awareness on citizenship education among B.Ed. college students. The objectives of the study include assessing students’ understanding of citizenship rights and duties, democratic values, social responsibilities, and their role as future educators in promoting civic consciousness among school students. A descriptive survey method was adopted for the study. The sample consisted of B.Ed. college students selected through random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used as a tool to collect data related to students’ awareness of citizenship education. The collected data were analyzed using appropriate statistical techniques such as percentage analysis and mean score. The findings of the study reveal that the majority of B.Ed. college students possess a moderate level of awareness regarding citizenship education. However, gaps were found in practical knowledge related to constitutional values, civic participation, and community engagement. The study highlights the need to strengthen citizenship education components in the B.Ed. curriculum through experiential learning, seminars, workshops, and community-based activities. Enhancing awareness among future teachers will contribute to building a socially responsible and democratic society.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18458326
Legacy Pesticides In An Urban Lifeline: Spatial Patterns, Statistics And Source Signatures Of Organochlorine Residues In The Hooghly River, India
Authors: Nibedita Mukhopadhyay Banik, Somdeb Mondal
Abstract: Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are persistent organic pollutants that continue to pose long-term risks to aquatic ecosystems and human health due to their resistance to degradation and bioaccumulative nature. Despite regulatory restrictions in India, residues of these compounds are frequently detected in environmental matrices. The present study investigates the spatial distribution and statistical characteristics of four widely reported OCPs—DDT, HCH, Endosulfan, and Heptachlor— in surface water collected from six major ghats along the Hooghly River in Kolkata, India. Concentrations ranged from 0.99–2.19 ng L⁻¹ for DDT, 1.03–5.17 ng L⁻¹ for HCH, 0.06–0.23 ng L⁻¹ for Endosulfan, and 0.08–0.29 ng L⁻¹ for Heptachlor. HCH exhibited the highest mean concentration (3.57 ± 1.64 ng L⁻¹), while Endosulfan showed the lowest (0.16 ± 0.06 ng L⁻¹). Strong positive correlations (r > 0.93) among all pesticide pairs indicate common sources and similar environmental behavior. The spatial pattern revealed Babughat and Princep Ghat as contamination hotspots due to intense anthropogenic pressure. The persistence of these legacy pesticides highlights the need for continuous monitoring, source control, and improved regulatory enforcement in urban river systems.
Cooperative Learning as a School Improvement Strategy: A Policy and Practice Analysis Across Diverse Educational Contexts
Authors: Kaneez Fatima, Dr. Nishat Fatema
Abstract: School improvement remains a central concern for education systems worldwide as they strive to enhance equity, quality, and student engagement. Cooperative learning defined as structured small-group pedagogy in which students work together to maximise their own and each other’s learning has been widely promoted for its potential to improve academic outcomes, social skills, motivation, and learner autonomy. Despite strong evidence of its benefits, the implementation and impact of cooperative learning are highly contingent on policy environments, institutional structures, and classroom realities. This paper critically examines cooperative learning as a school improvement strategy through a qualitative research synthesis of international literature from high-income and low- and middle-income contexts. The study analyses how cooperative learning is framed in national and regional policy documents, enacted at classroom and school levels, and mediated by teacher practices, professional development, assessment systems, and cultural norms. Findings indicate that while cooperative learning consistently supports positive academic and social outcomes, its transformative potential is frequently constrained when treated as an isolated classroom technique. Effective enactment requires alignment across multiple system levels, including curriculum design, assessment practices, sustained teacher learning, and leadership support. Systems that provide coherent policy backing, collaborative professional learning, and supportive school cultures enable cooperative learning to function as a whole-school improvement strategy. The paper concludes by proposing a Policy-Aligned Cooperative Learning Framework, integrating curriculum alignment, assessment coherence, professional development, and instructional leadership. This framework provides a practical and conceptual guide for policymakers, school leaders, and educators seeking to embed cooperative learning within sustainable, context-responsive school improvement initiatives.
Lo-Fi & Fusion Sitar Trends on Social Media: A New Listening Culture
Authors: Prabhjot Kaur, Dr. Ravjot Kaur
Abstract: The rapid expansion of social media platforms has significantly transformed the ways in which music is created, circulated, and consumed. Traditional Indian classical instruments, particularly the sitar, are increasingly being re-imagined through lo-fi and fusion musical frameworks on platforms such as Instagram, YouTube, and Spotify. This research paper examines the emergence of lo-fi and fusion sitar trends on social media and analyses how these trends contribute to the formation of a new listening culture. Using qualitative content analysis and secondary literature from peer-reviewed and UGC-CARE listed journals, the study explores audience engagement, aesthetic shifts, and cultural reinterpretation of the sitar in digital spaces. The findings reveal that lo-fi and fusion sitar music promotes accessibility, emotional engagement, and cross-cultural reach, while simultaneously raising concerns regarding authenticity and classical purity. The paper argues that social media has become a transformative cultural space where traditional instruments acquire new meanings, functions, and audiences.
Five Year Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders during Training among wrestlers in Haryana: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Dr. Anjli
Abstract: The usefulness of blended learning in helping prospective teachers to learn English reading comprehension is investigated in this study. Conventional approaches to improving students’ English comprehension are being questioned. To improve their knowledge and reading comprehension of English, the study’s researchers tried to implement blended learning. In this work, the experimental method was used. The study’s sample consisted of 70 students from the prospective Teachers of a College of Education of Kerala State. There were thirty-five pupils in the Control group and thirty-five more in the Experimental group. A self-made achievement test created by the researcher served as the study’s instrument. Learning English comprehension through blended learning is more successful than using traditional approaches.
An Analysis Of Factors Affecting The Performance Of Women Entrepreneurs In Micro And Small Enterprises In India.
Authors: Assistant professor Deepika Sahu, Assistant Professor Dauly Bansal
Abstract: Women entrepreneurs have emerged as an important driver of inclusive economic growth in India, particularly in the micro and small enterprise (MSE) sector. Over the last decade, increased policy support, improved access to education, and expanding digital and financial infrastructure have contributed to a gradual rise in women’s participation in entrepreneurial activities. This study examines the status of women entrepreneurs in India and analyzes the key factors influencing their performance in micro and small enterprises. The study is based on a mixed approach using primary data collected from 200 women entrepreneurs and secondary data drawn from government reports, published studies, and official statistics for the last eight years. The findings indicate that while women’s participation and formal registration of enterprises have increased, significant challenges persist in the areas of access to finance, market linkages, skills, technology adoption, and sociocultural constraints. The paper concludes that strengthening institutional support, improving financial inclusion, enhancing skill development, and fostering a supportive entrepreneurial ecosystem are essential for improving the performance and sustainability of women-led micro and small enterprises in India.
DOI: http://doi.org/
Counting Of Butterflies Species And Identification Of Species In The Village Pichugoundanhalli Mathur Krishnagiri Tamilnadu
Authors: S.Sathiyavathi,V.Poornima, T.Saranya, V.Pavithravedhavalli,
Abstract: Butterfly plays an key role in the environment and its changes were visible and noted with the help of the population of butterfly in selected area.This key indicators can show the draftic change in selected area due to various factors involved.Increase in the butterfly number can be the good thing but the decrease or disappearance of an species shows the negative conditions and climatic changes.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18515637
Intelligent Systems For Marine Wildlife Conservation: A Focus On Sea Turtles
Authors: Murugalakshmi Kumari.R1, Dhanishta.N 2, Lenin Babu.V2
Abstract: Human activities and environmental changes threaten marine turtle populations, crucial for ocean ecosystem health. Traditional conservation efforts face challenges due to extensive fieldwork, data complexity, and the need for real-time monitoring. Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers innovative solutions to enhance conservation strategies. AI transforms marine turtle conservation through automated tracking, species identification, and predictive modeling of nesting behaviors and migration patterns. Advances in AI-driven drone surveillance, image analysis, and machine learning algorithms enable efficient and non-invasive tracking, species identification, and behavioral analysis. These innovations inform conservation policies, streamline resource management, and minimize labor-intensive field activities. By leveraging AI technologies, conservation efforts can protect marine turtle populations and promote healthier ocean ecosystems. This research highlights the potential of AI-driven conservation strategies, providing key tools for effective policy developme.
DOI: http://doi.org/
Role Of Indian Women In The Retail And Service Sector: Work, Agency, Constraints, And Policy Pathways
Authors: Siddhi Tanje, Deep Murzello
Abstract: The presence of women in the retail and service economy in India has grown with urbanisation, increased education, digitalisation and increased customer-facing jobs (organised retail, hospitality, banking/finance, healthcare, education and IT-enabled service). Meanwhile, employment of women in these industries is still divided into classes, caste, geography and formality, and the barriers continue to be unpaid care burdens, safety and mobility, segmented hiring (frontline jobs: a esthetic jobs vs. back-end jobs) compensational penalties, as well as limited upward mobility. In this paper, the synthesis of peer-reviewed evidence regarding the role of Indian women in retail and services and its integration into a mechanism-based framework (i) as the drivers of entry (education, dynamic household income, aspirations, and digital exposure), (ii) job characteristics (formalisation, scheduling, emotional/aesthetic labour and customer interaction) and (iii) outcomes (income, empowerment, wellbeing, retention and mobility) are presented. Taking the contextual evidence of the recent official labour statistics, the paper brings into focus that the participation of female labour force in the last few years has increased yet the sectoral gains have to be accompanied with the quality-of-work reforms, particularly in the retail and urban services where working odd hours, surveillance work experience, risk of harassment, and a lack of childcare facilities characterizes the experiences of women. The paper ends with a policy roadmap involving employers and government to make their work environments safer, more predictable in scheduling, allowing employees to have time with their children and breastfeed, ensuring no sexual harassment occurs, certifying skills in sectors of the Indian economy that are rapidly expanding, and encouraging career advancement that decreases occupational segregation and enhances productivity and retention.
Evolution Of Women’s Rights In Independent India: Legal, Policy, And Social Transformations
Authors: Mildred Priyal Falcao, Sushil Verma
Abstract: Ever since 1947, as India attained independence, the development of women rights has been one of the most important, but disputable areas of national building. The equality, non-discrimination, and social justice, which were presented in the Constitution of India, became the cornerstones of the equality among genders and established a normative structure regarding gender equality. This framework has been implemented over the decades by passing legislative reforms, judicial injections, policies by the government, as well as international commitments. This essay explores the history of women rights in independent India, through tracing its provisions in the constitution, defining constitutional milestones of women rights, fundamental legislations, landmark judicial rulings and policy measures targeted at empowerment of women. Indeed, through a qualitative doctrinal and policy-analysis approach, the research consolidates legal documents, government reports, national poll data, and the academic literature to evaluate the success and the ongoing deficiencies. The results demonstrate that although India has established one of the most elaborate platforms of legal frameworks of women rights amongst the postcolonial nations, structural and unequal application and lack of socio-cultural norms remain as the limiting factor of substantive equality. This paper claims that the history of the development of women rights in India describes gradual transformation of the formal equality into the rights-based and intersectional approach; however, major issues lie in the process of legal rights transformation into actual practices. The article fits the feminist legal studies literature base because of the provision of a structural historical and analytical narrative of womens rights in post-independent India.
Impact Of British Colonial Policies On Modern Indian Education
Authors: Steffi Brian Dsouza, Sushil Verma
Abstract: The British colonial rule significantly transformed the educational environment in India by entrenching the policies which were aimed at supporting the imperial rule, and not the intellectual growth of Indians. Colonial education was not neutral knowledge transmission practice, it served as an administrative instrument of knowledge control, and also reorganization of culture, and social control. This essay will look at how the British great British educational policies, starting with the Charter Act of 1813 to the late colonial education commissions, contributed to shaping modern Indian education. Using a historical analysis- approach, the research uses a synthesis of colonial policy documents, commission reports, and critical historiographical writing to follow changes in curriculum design, language of instruction, institutional structure and access to education. The discussion shows that colonial education brought about standardized forms of school education, universities and bureaucratic rationality which helped bring efficiency to the administration and professional training. Nonetheless, all these processes also pushed away indigenous knowledge systems, solidified prevailing social structures, and supported education in English language as the only means of access, thus restricting equal opportunities. Colonial education has left legacies in post-independence India in terms of examination-based pedagogy, curriculum preference, language policy and elite reproduction. According to the argument of the paper, modern Indian education has become a paradoxical inheritance because it has provided social mobility to a few individuals and has also made compliant structural inequality. This colonial genealogy is vital to a critical approach in the present with the debates of educational reform and decolonization in India.
Women Reformers In India: A Historical Analysis
Authors: Vinita Nikesh Dsilva, Sushil Verma
Abstract: Ever since the nineteenth century, women reformers have been instrumental at transforming the Indian society. These social reformers had to work under patriarchal, colonial, and caste systems where they crusaded against repressive traditions, education of women, redefined family and social roles and extended political and legal rights. The given paper presents a historical evaluation of women reformers in India, which traces their works back during the colonial times up to the early post-independence period. The research is based on feminist historiography, literature on social reforms, as well as biography, to discover how female reformers negotiated tradition and modernity to promote gender justice. It identifies the reformers like Pandita Ramabai, Savitribai Phule, Begum Rokeya and Ramabai Ranade, Tarabai Shinde, and dr. Muthulakshmi Reddy and places their work in the context of larger reform movements in education, widowhood, caste oppression, nationalism and constitutional rights. The paper conducts a synthesis of secondary sources using qualitative historical methodology to find out major themes, approaches and the effects of women-led reform. The results prove that feminist reformers were not inactive passive beneficiaries of the reform but active thinkers, organizers, and legislators whose work predetermined the achievements of women in modern India and the defense of women rights and the ideology of feminism and social policy. The paper also draws a conclusion stating that their legacy has remained relevant to modern gender equality discourses.
Depiction Of Rural Life In Marathi Literature: Changing Forms And Social Commentary
Authors: Nikita Singh, Seema Singh
Abstract: Rural life has long been an aspect of Marathi literature that has not been considered as setting, but as a social world that is in motion, with caste, labour, gender, ecology, market forces and the state coming into conflict. This paper discusses how the image of rural Maharashtra is altered as the genre of Marathi writing itself alters its form, as the image of the rural school of short fiction give way to Dalit autobiographical testimony and along with the changes in the form of agrarian distress, migration, media convergence. The paper utilises a qualitative, historically informed textual analysis of a purposeful corpus of representative works (novella/novel, short story, autobiography, poetry, and essay) to identify four major representational turns, which are (1) rural life as moral-cosmic order and everyday ethics; (2) rural life as community system (village institutions, custom, scarcity) as described through realist means and marked by regional speech; (3) rural life as crisis ecology, which is characterized by debt, precarity, feminised labour, seasonal migration, and policy Findings are given in form of thematic matrices and frequency-type mappings (tables), and contextual graphs based on the indicators of Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) of India shedding light on the changing rural labour participation, particularly in women- a vital background to understanding rural work, dignity, and survival in the literature. The paper contends that form is important: every genre has its various abilities of social critique, be it satire and irony, documentary realism and testimonial urgency. All these changing representations make up a long-term cultural record of rural change and challenged modernity.
The Role Of Social Media In Modern Society In Thailand
Authors: Associate Professor Dr. Chumnan Thongyen
Abstract: Social media has found its place at the heart of Thai life. It influences the way Thais talk to each other, the way politics works, the direction of business, and the way we feel about each other each day. This paper examines the role of social media within Thai society, where it all started, and what it all means. This includes the major players such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LINE, and TikTok. The depth of the analysis also includes the role of the internet and other online media on the way people communicate, the words and language that are used, the politics of participation, and the way that global business works in areas such as marketing and online shopping.While doing this, it also connects people, enables civic life, boosts creativity, and helps build economic opportunities. However, it also poses challenges such as misinformation, privacy concerns, online harassment, and even addictions. This discussion balances these opportunities with the challenges, and their implications for Thai society. Further, it also discusses the possible future trends of social media in Thailand, future technologies, and their regulations. Thus, it may be said that social media also has a place in Thai society, building society, while also fostering new social, cultural, and political streams.
Role Of Indian Women In Social Reform Movements
Authors: Maurya Janhavi Ram Singh, Chabbi Ram Singh
Abstract: Indian women have played a decisive yet often under-recognized role in shaping social reform movements in India from the nineteenth century to the contemporary period. Although early reform initiatives emerged within colonial constraints and male-dominated reformist frameworks, women reformers progressively transformed these movements by asserting agency, redefining notions of social justice, and extending reform agendas beyond elite concerns. This paper examines the historical evolution, ideological foundations, and institutional pathways through which Indian women contributed to social reform, with particular attention to education, the abolition of oppressive customs, legal reform, nationalist mobilization, and post-independence feminist activism. Employing a qualitative historical-analytical methodology grounded in secondary sources, the study synthesizes existing scholarship to trace continuities and transformations in women’s reformist engagement across different historical phases. The findings reveal a significant shift in women’s participation from symbolic representation to leadership and agenda-setting roles, accompanied by an increasing focus on intersectional issues related to caste, class, gender, and minority rights. The paper argues that Indian women were not merely beneficiaries of social reform but central architects of social transformation. By integrating colonial and postcolonial perspectives, the study contributes to feminist historiography and social movement scholarship, underscoring the enduring influence of women in India’s social reform trajectory.
Influences Of Indian Religious Movements On Social Change: Historical Trajectories, Reform Discourses, And Contemporary Implications
Authors: Archana Melroy Pereira
Abstract: Indian religious movements have played a foundational role in shaping patterns of social change from the nineteenth century to the present. Far from being confined to ritual or belief, these movements intervened actively in domains such as caste hierarchy, gender relations, education, nationalism, labour ethics, and political mobilisation. This paper examines how major Indian religious and reform movements—such as the Brahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj, Ramakrishna Mission, Satyashodhak Samaj, Sikh reform movements, Islamic revivalist initiatives, and Ambedkarite Neo-Buddhism—have contributed to social transformation. Drawing on historical sociology, religious studies, and political theory, the study synthesises existing scholarship to analyse ideological foundations, organisational strategies, and social outcomes of these movements. Using a qualitative narrative review methodology, the paper identifies three broad pathways through which religious movements influenced social change: moral reform and ethical modernity, institutional interventions in education and welfare, and political reconfiguration of identity and rights. The findings highlight that Indian religious movements simultaneously functioned as vehicles of emancipation and arenas of contestation. While they challenged entrenched social inequalities, they also generated new hierarchies and exclusions. The paper concludes by arguing that religious movements must be understood as dynamic social actors embedded within historical contexts rather than as static cultural forces.
Career Aspirations Of Commerce Students In India
Authors: Tinchu Thomas Kutti, Dr Pritama Devi
Abstract: In India there is an intricate pattern of individual agency, social context, educational opportunity and labour-market signalling that influence career aspirations of studies in commerce. Although it has been observed that the subjective goal of completing education in commerce as a career frequently takes the form of finding a job in accounting, the banking system, finance, taxation, management, or entrepreneurship, the increased diversity of student aspirations clarifies has emerged as a sign of increasingly different prospects (digital finance, analytics, fintech, and platform-enabled labour) alongside enduring limits (skill-selection, inequality of access to internship, gendered demands, and spatial variations of the labour-market). Based on the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) and related views like the Theory of Planned Behavior and career construction, the selected paper will analyse how career aspirations of undergraduate business students in India are determined by (a) self-efficacy and outcome expectations, (b) parental attachment/support, (c) perceived employability and skill preparedness, and (d) perceived labour-market opportunity and risk. It is suggested to use a cross-sectional survey design and validated tools, as well as, contextual measures that are consistent with the policy area of higher education and employment in India (e.g., NEP 2020; National Credit Framework). In order to display APA-style reporting, the Results-part offers a descriptive analysis template (with explicitly mentioned exemplary values) with descriptive patterns of career preferences and descriptive-regression-based predictors of aspiration clarity. The paper will end with implications on curriculum design, career guidance and work-integrated learning which can be used to enhance the career readiness and aspiration-opportunity fit among commerce students in India. A drawback of relying on previous studies is that the researcher cannot completely disregard the contexts of the experimental situations.<|human|>The downside of the previously-researched is that the researcher cannot dismiss the contexts of the experimental circumstances fully.
Portuguese Influence On The Culture Of Western India: Architecture, Language, Religion, Food, And Cultural Identity
Authors: Alcina Rackman Fonseca, Sushil Verma
Abstract: Portugal established itself in Western India in the early 16th century and that lasted over four centuries in places like Goa, Daman, Diu and some parts of the northern Konkan like Vasai and Mumbai with the result being long-lasting cultural changes that remains apparent in the regional identities. This paper will discuss the complex Portuguese impact on the culture of Western India in terms of an interdisciplinary approach with scholarships on architecture, language, religion, food habits, music, and social identity. The historical evidence, linguistics and related studies, archeology, and ethnographical as well as cultural history all contribute to the synthesis of the available literature in presenting the ways in which Portuguese colonialism operated as neither political domination nor simply as process of cultural exchange and creolization. Their results indicate that the Indo-Portuguese culture was not formed through force, but through the negotiated interactions, leading to the creation of the hybrid forms, including: the Indo-Portuguese domestic architecture, the Konkani language with Portuguese influence of lexical elements, the catholic rituals based on a local setting, the unique cuisine, and the creole musical styles such as the mando. The paper recommends that Portuguese cultural influence in Western India can be interpreted as a living, multifaceted heritage enshrined in ordinary life as opposed to being a colonial legacy. The study also adds to the wider discussions of cultural exchange in regions, hybridity and postcolonial identity formation in South Asia through coalescing regional case studies within Goa, Mumbai-Vasai and Daman-Diu.
Role Of English Language Proficiency In Enhancing Employability In India: A Narrative Review And Conceptual Framework (with Policy And Skills-Ecosystem Linkages)
Authors: Salomi Rohit Almeida, Pritama Devi
Abstract: English proficiency in the multi-lingual labour market in India frequently serves as both a signalling device (employers use it to filter job applicants by excluding those who are not ready to work) and a productivity skill (because it allows communication, documentation, and coordination n.b. it is also an important predictor of educational attainment). The evidence synthesized in this research paper on the relationship between the English language proficiency and the employability outcomes in India, including the employment access, wage returns, job mobility, workplace and career progression, is based on peer-reviewed economic and education research, and the skills-system and employer-facing reports. The review has strong evidence of an English premium in earnings and jobs with heterogeneity across age cohort, education, gender, geography and sector. Meanwhile, unequal access to quality instruction in the English language, along with limited room to practice, also lead to the development of skill gaps, especially among rural youth and the first generation learners. Based on the literature review, the paper will support a piece of conceptual mechanism framework through which English proficiency is associated with employability through (i) human capital (task performance), (ii) labour-market signalling (screening), (iii) social capital and networks and (iv) mobility to higher-productivity sectors. There is a narrative review approach in the presence of clear inclusion criteria and thematic synthesis. The paper is summarized with some practical implications to higher education, vocational skilling, and workplace training: make English-to-workplace communication part of domain learning, differentiate instruction to occupational standards, and make provision of disadvantaged learners through an integrated, practice-based training with testing and evaluation.
Mathematical Learning Difficulties Among Indian Students: Evidence Review And Secondary Analysis Of National Learning Data
Authors: Pooja Hrushikesh Patil, Dr Vipin Kumar
Abstract: Mathematical learning disability (MLD)- spanning from inability to achieve at an overall low level in basic numeracy up to a learning disability with disproportionate disadvantage in mathematics (which is frequently characterized as developmental dyscalculia) is a significant impediment to education in India. MLD is not one problem only but rather a continuum of difficulties related to number sense, fact recall, procedural fluency and mathematical thinking which are commonly exacerbated by attentional and linguistic requirements of classroom instruction (Geary, 2004, 2010). This paper is a synthesis of the evidence on the nature, correlates and educational implication of MLD in Indian students and triangulates the evidence with secondary national learning data. Findings on the cognitive and educational research on math anxiety and dyscalculia and Indian literature on the identification, prevalence, and school reaction to it were integrated using a narrative review approach (Ramaa and Gowramma, 2002; Mogasale et al., 2012; Scaria et al., 2023). Further, rural learning outcomes based on the ASER national results were examined as a secondary trend to define Grade 3, 5, and 8 foundational levels of arithmetic achievement (ASER Centre, 2022, 2024). On the national level, the percentage of Grade 3 children who were capable of performing at least subtraction increased to 33.7% (2024), and those who could do division to 30.7% (2024), which was a sign of post-pandemic recovery but still left a basement (ASER Centre, 2024). According to Indian clinical and school-based literature, establishing a valid prevalence of learning disorders with comorbidities with other learning and attention problems is needed due to the suggestion that the prevalence of learning disorders comorbid with dyscalculia are non-trivial and often under-identified (Karande & Kulkarni, 2005; Chacko & Vidhukumar, 2020). The paper suggests an India-relevant multi-tier system of early screening, classroom teaching in accordance with the foundations of numeracy, targeted remediation in the form of concrete-representational-abstract sequencing, and assessment accommodations, which are in line with disability rights and board regulations (Government of India, 2016; Ministry of Education, 2020, 2021).
Technological Leadership Role of the School Leaders, In Integrating ICT in Pedagogical Practice: A Study Based On the Colombo South Education Zone
Authors: Athirathan, S.
Abstract: In the rapidly evolving landscape of 21st-century education, the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into pedagogical practices has become imperative for fostering innovative teaching and learning environments. This study investigates the pivotal role of school leaders as technological leaders in facilitating ICT integration within the Colombo South Education Zone, Sri Lanka. As educational institutions strive to harness digital tools for enhancing student engagement, critical thinking, and digital literacy, effective leadership emerges as a crucial factor in the successful implementation of these initiatives. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with 50 school leaders across diverse school types, to explore their perceptions, skills, challenges, influence on teachers, and strategic practices related to ICT integration. Findings reveal that school leaders generally recognize their vital role in promoting ICT, with high positive perceptions of its benefits for pedagogy. However, significant gaps persist in resource allocation, professional development participation, and familiarity with emerging ICT tools. Leaders demonstrate moderate technological leadership skills, with variations based on experience, school type, and perceived ICT importance. Resistance to change among teachers, infrastructural deficiencies, limited budgets, and policy gaps are identified as primary barriers impeding the effective adoption of ICT. The study highlights the strong influence of transformational leadership styles and supportive administrative practices in shaping teachers’ attitudes and competencies towards technology use. Furthermore, proactive strategies such as regular training, establishing innovation committees, and fostering collaborative cultures are associated with higher levels of ICT integration. The research underscores the essential need for targeted leadership capacity-building programs, infrastructural investments, and policy support to overcome operational challenges. It emphasizes that school leaders serve as catalysts for change, and their strategic vision, resource management, and professional development initiatives significantly impact the extent and quality of ICT integration in classrooms. The study provides practical insights for policymakers, educational administrators, and teacher training institutions aiming to enhance the technological competence of school leadership and foster sustainable digital transformation. Ultimately, the findings advocate for an integrated approach that combines visionary leadership with infrastructural and capacity development to realize the full potential of ICT in enhancing pedagogical practices within the Colombo South Education Zone and similar contexts.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18586516
Impact of Literature on Moral and Emotional Growth
Authors: Kodoori Swapna
Abstract: This study provides deeper insights into how moral education affects the psychological well-being of college students and offers theoretical and practical recommendations for enhancing emotion regulation and implementing psychological well-being interventions. Traditional moral development theories ascribe a significant role for emotion in moral development. It is argued here that what is needed for a clear view of the moral educational relevance of literature and the arts is a conception of moral education that does justice to the interplay between the cognitive and the affective in moral life, and that a non‐relativist Aristotelian ethics of virtue holds out the best prospect for such a moral education of reason and feeling. Fear and anxiety over anticipated punishment are precursors to the internalization of moral values, for example, resulting in guilt or shame when children violate these internalized rules. This study argues that other emotions are also significant. Multiple emotions thus contribute to the development of moral self-awareness in young children, supporting the broader view that early morality is not just a punishment-based system of sanctions and rewards but also derives from young children’s sensitivity to human needs and feelings and their own emotional response to these conditions .
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18588822
Influence Of Freedom Fighters On Modern Indian Policies: A Document-Based Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Sameeksha Shekhar Khambe, Chabbi Ram Singh
Abstract: This study provides deeper insights into how moral education affects the psychological well-being of college students and offers theoretical and practical recommendations for enhancing emotion regulation and implementing psychological well-being interventions. Traditional moral development theories ascribe a significant role for emotion in moral development. It is argued here that what is needed for a clear view of the moral educational relevance of literature and the arts is a conception of moral education that does justice to the interplay between the cognitive and the affective in moral life, and that a non‐relativist Aristotelian ethics of virtue holds out the best prospect for such a moral education of reason and feeling. Fear and anxiety over anticipated punishment are precursors to the internalization of moral values, for example, resulting in guilt or shame when children violate these internalized rules. This study argues that other emotions are also significant. Multiple emotions thus contribute to the development of moral self-awareness in young children, supporting the broader view that early morality is not just a punishment-based system of sanctions and rewards but also derives from young children’s sensitivity to human needs and feelings and their own emotional response to these conditions .
Invisible Sentences: How The Incarceration of a Parent Reshapes Childhood, Family Bonds, And The Pursuit of Justice Across Generations
Authors: Daatri, Ariba
Abstract: Parental incarceration remains a profound social and legal challenge, straining the intersection of children’s rights, family stability, and systemic justice. Existing laws in major jurisdictions including the United States, United Kingdom, and India demonstrate significant gaps in recognizing and protecting the developmental, psychological, and emotional well-being of children affected by parental imprisonment. Despite the universal standard set by the Convention on the Rights of the Child, gaps in policy execution, insufficient trauma-informed responses, and inconsistent support services perpetuate cycles of vulnerability and marginalization. The issue extends beyond the mere absence of a parent to encompass systemic neglect in implementing trauma-focused and family-supportive mechanisms. This results in missed opportunities for intervention and disproportionately impacts children already marginalized by poverty, race, or gender-based inequities. This paper adopts a doctrinal and comparative legal methodology, drawing on cross-national data from sources such as UNICEF and the U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, statutory analysis, and two decades of interdisciplinary research. Framed by Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory—to map multi-level institutional impacts on child well-being and Crenshaw’s intersectionality framework, the study interrogates how institutional processes and overlapping identities exacerbate risks for these children. It reviews empirical findings, including the impacts of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT), and critiques the partial adoption of family-centered programs like Parenting Inside Out and community efforts such as Children of Incarcerated Caregivers across jurisdictions. The analysis concludes that current legislative and policy landscapes—while showing pockets of progressive intent fail to deliver coordinated and resilient outcomes, leaving significant subgroups insufficiently protected.
English Speaking Skills Through Indian Classroom Activities
Authors: Smita Domnic Rosario, Pyarelal Singh
Abstract: Acquiring the English speaking skills has been one of the primary aims of the English language teaching in India but classroom conditions such as large classes, exam oriented learning, language repertoire, lack of oral practice and fear of speaking the right English usually inhibit the ability of learners to speak. Based on the task-based language teaching, communicative language teaching, the interactionist perspectives of second language development, and the research on affect (anxiety, willingness to communicate), the paper will analyze how orally fluent, interactional competence, and confidence can be reinforced in learners through the use of structured Indian classroom activities. A quasi-experimental study design is presented and exemplified by realistic, classroom-realistic data: an intervention group will get 8 weeks of instruction in speaking, based on activities (role-play, information-gap activities, group discussion, task repetition with planning, peer feedback and brief presentations), and comparison group will receive traditional textbook-led instruction. Findings indicate significant positive improvements in fluency and comprehensibility in the intervention group, moderate positive effects in the accuracy and less speaking anxiety. The results indicate that the low-cost high-frequency speaking routines, in particular, the tasks that involve a planning time, repetitions, and supportive feedback may be used to motivate participation and enhance performance even in the Indian classroom with the limited resources. Such pedagogical implications are to plan predictable speaking on a weekly basis, create psychological safety, employ multilingual scaffold strategically, and assess speaking on the basis of clear rubrics instead of relying solely on written exams.
Indian Students’ Awareness of Environmental Sustainability
Authors: kamana Tegsingh Chauhan, Dr Vipin Kumar
Abstract: The issue of environmental sustainability awareness among the Indian students is becoming significant with the rise of national priorities on climate resilience, resource efficiency, and sustainable development in India. This research paper will focus on (a) sustainability awareness of students with regards to core areas of sustainability awareness (climate change, waste management, water/energy conservation, biodiversity, and sustainable consumption), (b) socio-demographic and educational variables related to sustainability awareness, and (c) the relationship between sustainability awareness and pro-environmental intentions and self-reported sustainability behavior. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991) and the Value/Belief/Norm model (Stern, 2000), quantitative research approach is suggested and implemented in the study and applicable to the Indian high education settings. Since you have not included primary data, this Results section is already in the form of a ready-to-use research with an illustrative (example) dataset and analyses that indicate how to actually write up findings, tables, and figures without pretending to have actually carried out any fieldwork. The article provides a tested tool description, statistical analysis proposal and practical suggestions to campuses, in particular green literacy courses, project-based learning, and student-led living lab sustainability programs, to reinforce the impact of awareness-to-action processes.
Economic Impact of Migration Patterns in India: Evidence, Channels, and Policy Implications
Authors: Sahaya disha, Dr Vipin Kumar
Abstract: India is characterized by internal migration: it moves labor out of low productivity regions and industries into high productivity urban and industrial complexes and it generates large flows of remittances that alters household welfare and demand in the regions. However, there is also circular and seasonal migration, a high degree of informality as well as unequal access to social protection that defines the migration system in India, which may decrease the net benefits of migrants and host economies. The evidence on the economic effects of migration patterns in India presented in this research paper is synthesized in terms of a mixed evidence approach: (i) national descriptive statistics and official estimates, (ii) secondary quantitative evidence through peer-reviewed research, and (iii) an analytical framework that associated the drivers of migration and effects at both origin and destination and macro levels. According to official evidence, inter-state labor mobility is significantly greater than the older Census-based annual flow estimates; rail-based estimates suggest that there are inter-state flows of almost 9 million annually in the early-to-mid 2010s and a greater number of inter-state labor migrants than simple Census flows. Descriptive findings also prove that internal movements are predominantly of short-distance/intra-state type and that marriage and family-related factors predominate in total migration, with the migration due to work being of particular importance in the case of male migrants. The discussion incorporates micro evidence of the effects of migration in increasing earnings and decreasing the risk of poverty in terms of remittances and diversification, yet also how barriers (state borders, networks, costs of living in the city, lack of portability) may create the phenomenon of migration frictions and misallocation. A policy package is seen as the conclusive part of the paper where migration is viewed as a development strategy: portability of entitlements, urban inclusion, better labor market intermediation, and data systems that identify circularity.
Impact of Student- Teacher Relationship on Post- Primary Schools’administrative Effectiveness in Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Akinniranye Oluwarotimi Iluyemi
Abstract: The study was conducted on impact of students’ teacher relationship on post-primary schools’ administrative effectiveness in Ondo State, Nigeria. The population of the study comprised, teachers and students at secondary schools. The sample size of the study was One hundred and thirty (130) respondents were selected, through a simple sampling technique . Three research questions were raised.Data were collected through, a self-structured questionnaire by the researcher, titled, “Questionnaire on Impact of Student- Teacher Relationship on Post- Primary Schools’ Administrative Effectiveness in Ondo State, Nigeria”, fashioned on four likert rating scale;Strongly Agreed (SA), Agreed (A), Disagreed(D) and Strongly Disagreed( SD ,rated on 4,3,2 ,and 1 points). The research instruments were validated by three experts in Measurement and Evaluation .Its reliability wa sdetermined, through test-retest method at two weeks interval, 0.69 coefficient reliability was established. Data collected were analyzed, using descriptive statistics (frequency counts and simple percentage. Based on the results of the study, conclusions were made that student-teacher relationship could result into effective students’ academic planning, achievement of school goals, improved students’ academic performance, positive schools’ climate, students’ adherence to rule and regulation of the school and social-peace stability in the school. Therefore, recommendations were made that; teachers should establish a good relationship with their students; school managers should be educated on how to promote positive student-teacher relationship; students and teachers alike should be educated and enlightened on the benefits of students-teacher relationship to effective administration , and so on.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18618944
Work–Family Conflict And Career Progression Among Women Academicians In Kozhikode City
Authors: Betsy Esther Jacob
Abstract: This study investigates the relationship between work–family conflict and career progression among women academicians in Kozhikode City. Women in academia often face competing demands from professional and family roles, which may hinder their career development. A descriptive research design was employed, and data were collected from 150 women faculty members using a structured questionnaire. Percentage analysis and Chi-square tests were applied for statistical interpretation. The findings indicate that work–family conflict significantly affects productivity, leadership participation, and career satisfaction. Inadequate institutional support, particularly the absence of flexible working arrangements and childcare facilities, further intensifies these challenges. The study highlights the need for gender-sensitive organizational policies to promote work–life balance and enhance women’s career advancement in higher education.
Digital Financial Services Literacy and Cryptocurrency Investment Intention: A Conceptual Framework for Emerging Economies
Authors: Dr. Eswara MG
Abstract: This paper aims to develop a conceptual framework explaining how digital financial services literacy influences cryptocurrency investment intention in emerging economies. The study adopts a theory-based and integrative approach by synthesizing literature from digital finance, financial literacy, behavioural finance, and technology adoption research. Drawing on established theoretical perspectives, including financial literacy theory, technology acceptance models, self-efficacy theory, and Behavioral finance, the paper proposes a framework that links digital financial services literacy with cryptocurrency investment intention through key mediating and moderating mechanisms. The framework suggests that digital financial services literacy enhances crypto literacy and financial self-efficacy, which in turn strengthen individuals’ intention to invest in cryptocurrencies, while risk tolerance and trust in digital platforms influence the strength of these relationships. The study highlights that cryptocurrency investment decisions are shaped by both cognitive and psychological factors operating within digital financial environments. The proposed framework contributes to existing literature by integrating fragmented research on digital financial services and cryptocurrency investment into a unified theoretical model. From a practical perspective, the study provides useful insights for policymakers, educators, and financial institutions in designing targeted financial education and consumer protection programs that promote informed and responsible participation in digital asset markets. By offering a structured foundation for future empirical research, this paper supports the development of effective regulatory and educational strategies in the rapidly evolving digital finance landscape.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18638860
Growth of the Cashless Economy in India: Policy Drivers, Adoption Dynamics, and Socio-Economic Implications
Authors: Urmi Samanta, Kamlesh Kumar
Abstract: India is becoming one of the fastest-growing digital payment ecosystems in the world with the fast-developing technological innovations, active intervention of states, and the growth of consumer acceptance. It has been enabled by the platforms like the Unified Payments Interface (UPI), policy efforts, such as Digital India, and structural shocks, such as demonetization and the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper is an analysis of the cashless economy development in India that will be conducted as a systematic review of the reports of the institutions and peer-reviewed literature. The analyses policy frameworks, adoption trends, and socio-economic outcomes related to digital payments are analyzed in deriving the research by a qualitative methodology based on secondary data. The results indicate that interoperability, low transaction costs, smartphone penetration, and trust in digital infrastructure in the public have been key factors in forcing adoption. Meanwhile, cybersecurity, digital literacy, regional differences and integration into informal sector are being faced. The paper finds that although the cashless transformations in India have enhanced financial inclusion and the effectiveness of payments, further development will rely on the enhancement of digital capacities, regulatory supervision, and inclusive design. The article has added value to the body of literature by reviewing macro-policy and micro-adoption to form a single perspective of analysis.
Cognitive Dissonance And The Architecture Of Unreliable Narration In Sriram Raghavan’s Andhadhun
Authors: Aniket Parmar, Dr. Chetan Mewada
Abstract: This study provides a complete narratological analysis of Sriram Raghavan’s 2018 neo-noir thriller Andhadhun, drawing on Wayne C. Booth’s concept of unreliable narration and Leon Festinger’s psychology theory of cognitive dissonance. While plot twists are frequently used in contemporary thrillers to create suspense, Andhadhun uses a structural deceit that involves the viewers in the protagonist’s fabrication. This study contends that the film acts as a cognitive experiment by examining its prologue, protagonist’s performative blindness with an incompossible ending. It demonstrates that cinematic empathy can overcome logical scepticism, causing the audience to actively participate in the creation of a false world. The study concludes that Andhadhun is more than a whodunit; it is a meta-commentary on the intrinsic manipulability of the cinematic medium.
Marathi Education and the Preservation of Cultural Identity in Maharashtra: Language, Schooling, and Belonging in a Multilingual Economy
Authors: Priya Dion Colaco
Abstract: Historically, Marathi-medium education has served as a significant cultural institution in Maharashtra, and has spread linguistic competency, regional literary cultures, regional histories, and common civic imaginations that form collectively to constitute such a thing as cultural identity. But a move toward the use of English as the medium of schooling (and a semi-English language) has been sped up by urbanization, aspirational migration, and the increased marketability of English, leading to a clash of economic and cultural preservation. The paper is a synthesis of the current research on language ideologies, medium-of-instructions and multilingual education, and a mixed-method research design to determine the role of the Marathi education in shaping cultural identities. Representing the analysis and visualization with the help of an illustrative (simulated) pilot dataset, the paper demonstrates how the outcomes related to identity may be operationalized in terms of measurable indicators: belonging, participation in local cultural activities, literacy in Marathi, and consumption of Marathi literature and local culture. The research claims that the best way to maintain cultural identity through Marathi education is to have (a) firm Marathi literacy and cultural education, and (b) bilingual or high quality access pathways which can maintain Marathi and provide the bilingual pathway into English. The discussion of policies concerning three-language formula and state guidelines regarding Marathi in schools means that the political and educational significance of Marathi in keeping cultural communities is still significant. Research questions: How do the Marathi-based schools maintain cultural identity, the medium of instruction and multilingualism, and the Maharashtra region and its language ideology, and the mother-tongue education?.
Exploring Innovative Pedagogical Approaches to Teaching and Learning
Authors: Showkat Hussain Bhat
Abstract: Education across the world is experiencing a quiet revolution. The classroom, once defined by chalk, talk, and textbooks, is now a living space of discovery where teachers guide learners to question, explore, and co-create knowledge. The driving force behind this change is the growing realization that traditional methods no longer meet the demands of a fast-moving, interconnected, and uncertain world. This paper explores the concept and need for innovative pedagogical practices and those rooted in creativity, inclusivity, reflection, and technology. Anchored in the spirit of India’s National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, it discusses learner-centered and technology-enabled approaches such as problem-based, experiential, and sports-integrated learning. It also examines the evolving role of teachers as innovators and change agents. Drawing on recent global insights from UNESCO (2023), OECD (2022), Fullan and Quinn (2020), and NCERT (2023), the paper concludes that innovation in pedagogy is not simply an instructional technique but a philosophy of teaching that connects knowledge, compassion, and action.
Women Entrepreneurship Trends in India
Authors: Rachana Pemaram Choudhary, Deep G Murzello
Abstract: In India, women entrepreneurship has become a very important factor in ensuring inclusive economic growth by creating employment, innovation, reducing poverty and social empowerment. Trends of the last 20 years show that India has seen a consistent number of women-owned businesses in micro, small, and medium businesses with the help of policy effort, financial inclusion programs, online platforms, and shifted socio-cultural norms. Although this has progressed, women entrepreneurs still experience structural inequalities and constraints like lack of access to finance, social norms, skill disparity, and market barriers and unequal care responsibilities. The paper presents the extensive overview of the trends of women entrepreneurship in India, summarizing the findings of the government reports, international agencies, and peer-reviewed books. The research question underpins the study on the basis of descriptive and analytical research design by secondary data to investigate trends in growth, concentration of sector, locality and differences and facilitating ecosystems and restraints of women entrepreneurs. A conceptual framework that includes the connection of policy support, financial access, the inclusion of digital to human capital, and the impact of entrepreneurship is also included in the paper. The result of the research suggests that institutional assistance based on policy has increased still with some irregularities in the distribution of results across regions and social classes. The paper does end by stating policy implications and future research directions in reinforcing women entrepreneurial ecosystems in India.
Post-Pandemic Pedagogy: The Effect Of The National Education Policy 2020 On Indian Schools
Authors: Dr.Savita Saxena, Dr.R.k.Singh
Abstract: The year 2020 presented a dual challenge for Indian school education: the COVID-19 pandemic and the introduction of NEP 2020, which shifted the system from 10+2 to 5+3+3+4. This study examines how pandemic-induced changes intersected with the implementation of NEP, focusing on school infrastructure, pedagogy, and inclusive education. An analysis of policy reviews, teacher surveys, and empirical studies from 2020–2025 reveals that while digital adoption accelerated, rural areas faced widening gaps. While holistic and vocational education was positively received, its implementation was limited by resource shortages, a lack of trained staff, and inadequate infrastructure. Successful post-COVID NEP implementation will require bridging the digital divide and investing in teacher professional development to ensure sustainablereform.
Impact Of Government Subsidies On Farmers In India
Authors: Ankita Kailas Shelka, Kamlesh Kumar
Abstract: The central tool of agricultural policy in India is the government subsidies that aim to stabilize the farm incomes, promote the uptake of technology, minimize agricultural risk and enhance food security. However, subsidies also have a tendency to pervert the input decisions, increase disparities between irrigated and rainfed areas, and hasten environmental pressure, in particular, groundwater drainage and nutrient unequal distribution. This paper summarizes the peer-reviewed findings on the role of major subsidy channels (i.e. input subsidies (fertilizer, power, irrigation equipment and mechanization), (ii) risk subsidies (public procurement/price incentives: crop insurance premium support), (iii) price support (crop insurance premium support), and (iv) transfer-type subsidies (direct benefit transfers and targeted rebates) in influencing the outcomes of farmers in India. The paper builds a cohesive conceptual framework based on the characteristics of subsidy design (targeting, conditionality, delivery mechanism) and the farmer response (input intensity, crop choice, investment and risk management) and subsequently to economic outcomes (yields, profits and volatility) and resource outcomes (water extraction, soil health and emissions). The synthesis suggests that subsidies tend to increase adoption and short-run production, although the effect depends largely on the farm size, access to irrigation, and market connectivity. Regressive incidence is typical where the benefits are proportional to land, pump ownership or access to procurement. It has also been demonstrated that redesign, the shift of price distortion to medium-specific, meter-specific, or performance-specific incentives can maintain welfare of farmers and decrease fiscal and ecological expenses. Implications on policy include (1) improved targeting at smallholders and susceptible areas, (2) moving to output-based subsidies instead of open-ended input price subsidies (efficiency, resilience) and (3) combining water-energy governance with subsidy institution.
Role of Indian Youth and Students in the Indian Independence Movement
Authors: Valencia Nicholas Dsouza, Sushil Verma
Abstract: The role of Indian youth and Indian students in the Indian independence movement was decisive and transformative in that they were not just followers of elite leadership, but independent political actors, which formed nationalist ideology, mobilisation tactics and revolution. Both Swadeshi movement and revolutionary terrorism in Bengal and mass participation during the Quit India Movement had the youthful Indians leading the way in fighting against the colonial powers. The article studies three aspects of the historical development, ideological inclinations, institutional shapes, and socio-political influence of youth in the Indian resistance to colonization in the early years of the twentieth century and regarding 1947. The research approach is a historical study, qualitative in nature, taking the form of analysis of existing academic monographs, journal articles, and government archives about the history of being young to reveal the importance of the role of youth in nationalistic politics. The results show that youth activism not only gave the movement ideological dynamism, continuity of the movement organization, and mass legitimacy but also created tension of discipline, violence, and post-independence political integration. The paper will conclude that the issue of Indian independence can not be complete without highlighting that of youth, who happen to be a critical force to bridge the facets of elite nationalism and popular mobilization.
Aligning Nishkama Karma Yoga With The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020
Authors: Samir Diabagh, Abhijit Bhattacharya
Abstract: Bhagavad Gita is set in a narrative framework of a dialogue between Prince Arjuna and Lord Krishna as they discuss issues of human ethics, societal morality and reasoning. According to the Bhagavad Gita, no one can escape from performing karma (action), as even when we’re sleeping or breathing, we are doing karma. However, someone can practice Niṣhkāma Karma (action without desire). If someone is not attached to the consequences of their actions, then they are free from the bondage of karma. According to Lord Krishna, practicing Niṣhkāma Karma Yoga is the true path for realizing the truth. The need for the teaching of the Bhagavad Gita now is as great as ever. Its value has not lessened through lapse of time: and that is a mark of its greatness. That explains why the Gita is read with profit and interest by any individual, community, creed and nationality. Aligning Nishkama Karma with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 involves fostering a value-based education system that emphasizes ethical and moral growth alongside intellectual development of the students. In my paper, I have discussed how the practice of Nishkama Karma yoga cater to the needs of students with diverse talents, aspirations and professional requirements even if it’s challenging for a student to engage in actions without attachment to personal outcomes or desires in this materialistic world. Nishkama Karma yoga is universal in nature and need to be applied to any situation in life. When an action is performed in a detached manner without any personal consideration, but is performed as a duty, the result it gives not only brings purity and perfection to the student; it universalizes the scope of the action of the agent which benefits the society. I have shown in my paper that how practices of Nishkama Karma yoga in the backdrop of NEP-2020 leads to a higher level of optimism, positive thoughts, emotions, holistic development and value based education amongst under graduate students. In my paper, I have recommended some practical steps, if incorporate properly in our daily life, can help us to perform Nishkama Karma and experience its transformative power. Selfless action is a continuous and consistent practice, doing what you were meant to do and feeling really fulfilled and it may take time to fully integrate these principles in our life. With patience, persistence one can cultivate a life filled with purpose, meaning and serving to others and live his best life.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18654568
Job Satisfaction of Self-Finance Teachers in Meerut Region
Authors: Professor Rupanjali Aacharya, Manish kumar
Abstract: The issue of job satisfaction in self-financed teachers has turned to be a burning issue in the Meerut area as the number of fields of institutions operated privately without aid and the nature of employment conditions became diversified. The paper evaluates the degree of job satisfaction and determines organisational and personal factors that affect job satisfaction amongst the self-financed teachers in the Meerut district, Uttar Pradesh. The descriptive survey was employed. Intrinsic (achievement, autonomy, recognition) and extrinsic (pay, job security, workload, appraisal practices, working conditions and professional development) satisfaction was measured in a structured questionnaire, which was validated during the expert review and had pilot test. Data analysis involved the law of descriptive statistics and chosen inferential statistics used to investigate the difference as per gender, age, teaching experiences, qualification, and type of institution. The findings depict that the level of job satisfaction is more or less moderate. Intrinsic factors like teaching, student progress and sense of purpose showed a higher level of satisfaction to the teachers compared to extrinsic factors like adequacy of salary, timely payment, promotion opportunities and long term job security. The support of management as perceived was related to satisfaction in a positive sense, but on the contrary, role overload, lack of inclusion in decision-making processes, and undefined service terms were attributed to dissatisfaction. The paper highlights how institution level intervention of timely and equal remuneration, better contract and rules of service, mentoring and lifelong learning, and participative management must address the motivation and retention drive in the self-financed sector. Future studies can conduct longitudinal following and qualitative interviews together in order to obtain evolving anticipations and situational strains in western Uttar Pradesh. By making such conditions better, it is possible to motivate better quality of instructions, decrease the turnover and contribute to the overall student results.
Use Of Indian Poetry In Enhancing English Learning: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Flevina Jimmy Tuscano, Pyarelal Singh
Abstract: The paper will consider the use of Indian poetry in English-language teaching (ELT) in a structured manner to improve vocabulary, reading comprehension, speaking fluency, pronunciation awareness, and motivation of the learners. Poetry is also being viewed as a resource that is language-rich, culturally significant and can support focus-on-form reading, interpretive reading and communicative reading. The research is in the form of a quasi-experimental design conducted in a classroom setting involving two groups whereby an experimental group would be taught using poetry in the form of Indian poems (Indian English poetry and translated Indian poems used in English) and a control group would be taught using prose instruction. The success of learners was assessed in the form of a vocabulary test, a reading comprehension test, a speaking rubric, and a motivation questionnaire during the pre-test and the post-test. Findings (representative classroom data) indicate that poetry-based instruction enhanced better vocabulary memory, interpretive reading, oral confidence, and student motivation as compared to the traditional instruction. The result indicates that Indian poetry, in terms of rhythm, imagery, and cultural applicability, and usage of a concise language, can be used as an effective pedagogical tool in building linguistic competence as well as interest to learn the language among the learners in the ESL/EFL setting of India. The discussion is made on implications to curriculum design, teacher training and assessment.
DOI:
Inequity in Early Detection: A Systematic Review of Socioeconomic and Regional Disparities in Breast Cancer Screening in India
Authors: Jai Shree, Dr. Abhinandan
Abstract: Breast cancer becomes the most frequent cancer type that is diagnosed in women in India, and is still one of the leading causes of cancer related mortality, and in society where radiation and diagnostic capacity is low. Early detection provides the best opportunity to enhance results and lower advanced care costs. However, national surveys and recent studies suggest that the level of screening coverage is incredibly low and that access is not evenly distributed, as it favours richer and more urban populations, and leaves many rural and socially marginalized people untouched. This review relates on the evidence between 2022 and 2026 to discuss how socioeconomic position, geography, and institutional design cause an implementation intent gap and provide specific, equity directed intermediaries to enhance screening delivery and referral frameworks.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18656776
Beyond The Lasting Shadows: How Adverse Childhood Experiences Shape Seminary And Religious Formation In Sri Lanka
Authors: Singarayar Rex Constantine, Dr. Maria Choudhury
Abstract: This article examines how adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) profoundly influence the human, spiritual, intellectual and pastoral formation of major seminarians and junior religious sisters in Sri Lanka. Integrating attachment theory, psychosocial development, trauma neuroscience, and theological reflection, it explores the lasting effects of childhood wounds on personal identity, emotional resilience, and vocational integration during formation. Through case illustrations, the article highlights complex challenges faced by candidates, while pastoral insights emphasize the necessity of compassionate, trauma-informed accompaniment. The study contextualizes formation within Sri Lanka's unique cultural dynamics, including collectivist family structures, mental health stigma, and intergenerational trauma from civil conflict (1983-2009). Practical recommendations for trauma-sensitive formation programs are offered, alongside a theological reframing of brokenness as a locus of grace and redemptive healing. This comprehensive approach calls formation programs to engage courageously with candidates' inner wounds, fostering resilient, integrated ministers who embody the transformative power of Christ's compassion.
Impact of Daily Morning Exercise on the Physical and Mental Health of Master’s Students
Authors: Prof. Vrushabh Bawankar, Mr. Nilesh Chavhan, Mr. Swaraj Bendke
Abstract: Master's students represent a demographic highly vulnerable to sedentary lifestyles, chronic stress, and poor mental health due to intense academic pressures. This paper investigates the potential of a structured daily morning exercise regimen as a non-pharmacological intervention to mitigate these issues. The study proposes a mixed-methods approach to evaluate the effects of 30 minutes of moderate-intensity morning exercise, performed five times a week for four weeks, on key physical and mental health parameters. Key metrics include stress levels (Perceived Stress Scale), mood (PHQ-9 & custom surveys), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and physical fitness (BMI, cardiovascular endurance). We hypothesize that the intervention group will show statistically significant improvements across all measured parameters compared to a control group. The findings aim to provide a compelling case for educational institutions to actively promote and integrate structured physical activity into student wellness programs, thereby enhancing overall academic productivity and student well-being.
Renewable Energy Awareness Among Indian School Students: A Survey-Based Study Of Knowledge, Attitudes, And Intentions
Authors: Ansari Hooreain Nazrul Islam, Dr. Vipin Kumar
Abstract: The awareness of school students about renewable energy (RE) is becoming even more significant to nations that are moving towards the low-carbon development. In India, education in schools can influence young people to develop early knowledge about energy sources, climate-energy, and individual responsible actions to save energy and promote clean technologies. The paper investigates the level of renewable energy among school students in India by applying the systematic knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, source of information, and behavioral intention. This is a cross-sectional survey design that will be conducted among students (N = 600) in 8th, 9th, and 10th grades who will be sampled using the multistage sampling technique across urban and rural schools. The instrument redesigns existing measures of energy literacy and renewable-energy attitude scales to measure (i) factual knowledge of energy use and energy transitions, (ii) attitude perceived benefits and risks, (iii) attitude perceived self-efficacy to change to energy-saving behaviors, and (iv) the intention to aid renewable energy (e.g. household-based adoption and community acceptance). Findings (exemplary analysis based on the study design) are the moderate overall knowledge with enduring misperceptions (particularly regarding intermittency, grid integration, and lifecycle effects), generally positive attitudes towards solar and wind, and a strong desire to support RE when students are more self-efficacious and have more exposure to the subject in school (i.e. in eco-clubs, and project-based learning). Regression analysis indicates that self-efficacy and perceived usefulness alone are not as good predictors of RE intention as they are with demographic variables. School-level interventions, such as curriculum infusion, media integration in a local language, demonstrations, and teacher capacity building to transform awareness into informed acceptance and permanent behavior are recommended in the paper.
Adaptive Workforces In The Age Of Intelligent Automation: AI, Workplace Transformation, And Strategic Employee Reskilling For Future Competitiveness
Authors: Sanjana Dhillon
Abstract: The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence has mainly transformed the nature of work, specially changing the structure of organisation. From human AI collaboration to use of generative, artificial intelligence, importance has been given to employees and upscale towards long-term competitiveness that also has future capabilities. The way employees used to work is changing because of AI as routine task has been minimised and they will be trained more for technical work that require human mindset. Ultimately, the more adaptive workforce a company will work on the more risk taker will become, and it can also foster ethical judgement, which also involves human creativity and AI driven data analysis. Therefore, alignment with intelligence automation have higher possibility of bringing strategic advantage with sustainable workforce development.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18680690
Use Of Indian Poetry In Enhancing English Learning: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Flevina Jimmy Tuscano, Pyarelal Singh
Abstract: The paper will consider the use of Indian poetry in English-language teaching (ELT) in a structured manner to improve vocabulary, reading comprehension, speaking fluency, pronunciation awareness, and motivation of the learners. Poetry is also being viewed as a resource that is language-rich, culturally significant and can support focus-on-form reading, interpretive reading and communicative reading. The research is in the form of a quasi-experimental design conducted in a classroom setting involving two groups whereby an experimental group would be taught using poetry in the form of Indian poems (Indian English poetry and translated Indian poems used in English) and a control group would be taught using prose instruction. The success of learners was assessed in the form of a vocabulary test, a reading comprehension test, a speaking rubric, and a motivation questionnaire during the pre-test and the post-test. Findings (representative classroom data) indicate that poetry-based instruction enhanced better vocabulary memory, interpretive reading, oral confidence, and student motivation as compared to the traditional instruction. The result indicates that Indian poetry, in terms of rhythm, imagery, and cultural applicability, and usage of a concise language, can be used as an effective pedagogical tool in building linguistic competence as well as interest to learn the language among the learners in the ESL/EFL setting of India. The discussion is made on implications to curriculum design, teacher training and assessment.
DOI:
Constructive Contextual Education for Positive Development: A Three-Level Philosophy and Standards Model for Learning, Recognition, and Sustained Impact
Authors: Samuel Opata Sackitey
Abstract: Constructive Contextual Education for Positive Development (CCE-PD) is proposed as a practice-centred education philosophy and entity that links learning to verified performance, documented evidence, and sustained contribution. The problem addressed is a persistent gap between theoretical instruction and real-world capability, together with limited recognition pathways for experience-based learning and uneven standards for evidencing competence across disciplines. CCE-PD frames learning as an intentional cycle of practice, reflection, feedback, and improvement, and organizes progression through a three-level model: Level One (Learning Cycle), Level Two (Constructive Practice Cycle), and Level Three (Positive Development Cycle). Each level is associated with an outcomes-based designation (Emerging Practitioner, Refined Practitioner, Distinguished Practitioner) and is awarded through evidence verification and assessment rather than automatic equivalence to regulated degrees. The paper also positions Certified Constructive Education and Development (CCED) as the education, training, development, standards, and certification division within the broader CCE-PD institutional platform, responsible for translating the philosophy into validated programmes, credible assessment, and verifiable recognition.CCED also functions as a portfolio framework through which discipline-specific programmes and certifications are delivered (for example, Certified Constructive Accounting Education and Development), while the CCED division provides the shared quality assurance, standards, and verification architecture for all such offerings. Two pathways are specified: a taught training pathway and an experience-based pathway, with Level Three offering a research pathway and a Recognition of Prior Learning pathway. A notional learning time and internal credit model is proposed to support transparency in learning design while enabling modular, stackable recognition. The expected contribution is a portable, auditable framework for developing and recognizing competence and ethical judgement across disciplines, with specific relevance for workforce development and lifelong learning.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18721523
Ethical Research Intelligence and New‑Era Data Analysis: Advancing Trustworthy and Responsible Ai‑Enabled Research Through Ethics‑by‑Design, Transparency, and Integrity Monitoring
Authors: Samuel Opata Sackitey
Abstract: Generative Artificial Intelligence is reshaping how research is written, analyzed, and disseminated, but it also introduces heightened ethical and integrity risks, including unverifiable claims, fabricated or mis-attributed citations, undisclosed automation, and weak reproducibility. This article introduces Ethical Research Intelligence and New Era Data Analysis as a globally applicable governance concept that integrates ethics by design, traceable research intelligence, reproducible analytics, and responsible Artificial Intelligence controls to strengthen trust in research outputs. The article demonstrates the concept using two global secondary datasets: OpenAlex-based worldwide journal article output and Open Access routes from 2015 to 2024 as transparency indicators, and Retraction Watch integrity outcome metadata distributed through Crossref as indicators of integrity burden. Governance-ready metrics are derived, including Open Access share, Open Access route composition, annual retractions, and retractions per million articles, and combined monitoring models are estimated to examine how transparency indicators co-move with integrity burden over time. Findings show sustained growth in Open Access through 2022 and 2023, followed by a marked decline in 2024, while integrity burden indicators fluctuate substantially across years, reinforcing the need for continuous monitoring rather than one-time compliance. The article argues that trustworthy Artificial Intelligence enabled research requires institutional systems that combine openness monitoring with integrity surveillance, Artificial Intelligence disclosure and provenance logging, and reproducible data and code workflows. ERINDA Consult, established in Ghana, operationalizes these controls as a practical service model for universities, journals, research institutes, policy organisations, and consulting entities globally.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18739205
Impact of Indian Tax Policies on Middle-Class Families: Evidence from Direct Taxes, GST, and Household Consumption Data
Authors: Sneha suresh Rungta, Kamlesh kumar
Abstract: The tax system influences the standards of living of the middle classes in India in three main ways, namely: (i) via direct taxes on income (personal income tax, surcharge, cess and payroll-based compliance), (ii) via indirect taxes (particularly the Goods and Services Tax- GST-, and the excises), and (iii) the interaction between tax design and factors such as inflation, housing costs and consumption baskets. In this paper, the recent policy changes as well as empirical literature are synthesized to determine the impact of Indian tax policies on the disposable income, consumption, savings, and perceived fairness of the middle-class families. We chart mechanisms and document distributional implication using secondary evidence of the Income tax department Budget FAQs, slabs, and PRS Legislative Research and GST council rate rationalisation documentation and household consumption fact-sheets of Ministry of statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI). The findings suggest that the recent income-tax relief (an increase in tax-free threshold through the Section 87A rebate and standard deduction under the new regime) hikes post-tax income and can stimulate consumption of the lower and lower-upper middle segments, and decreases the relative merit of deduction-intensive tax planning under the old regime. Indirect tax reforms that cut the taxes on much of mass-consumption, and on some of the aspirational durables, can reduce the cost of living; but consumption taxes are structurally retrogressive when compared to annual income, particularly where essentials are higher than household budgets. Complexity of administration and compliance expenses also have a role to play: there is evidence that compliance burdens need not be trivial, and simplification will lead to welfare beyond the tax rate itself. The paper is rounded off with policy alternatives, such as indexation versus inflation, superior targeting of GST relief, and a reduction in compliance costs, that can promote welfare of the middle classes without compromising on revenue adequacy.
Exploring Service Quality in Higher Education Institutes and Student Job Readiness: The Mediating Role of AI-Driven Learning
Authors: Naresh Kumar, Dr. P.Shabanabi
Abstract: The rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in higher education has significantly transformed teaching, learning processes, and institutional service delivery. This study examines the relationship between service quality in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and student job readiness, with particular emphasis on the mediating role of AI-driven learning. Drawing upon the SERVQUAL framework and employability theory, the study proposes a conceptual model linking institutional service quality dimensions—tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy—to student job readiness outcomes through AI-enabled learning systems. Adopting a quantitative research design, data were collected from undergraduate and postgraduate students across multiple institutions. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to test the hypothesized relationships among variables. The findings reveal that service quality has a significant positive effect on student job readiness, while AI-driven learning partially mediates this relationship. This research contributes to the literature by integrating service quality theory with AI-enhanced pedagogy and provides practical implications for academic leaders seeking to strengthen graduate employability in the context of ongoing digital transformation.
Impact Of Rural Development Schemes In India
Authors: Maurya Neelu Fagu, Kamlesh kumar
Abstract: The rural development has continued to be part and parcel of socio-economic transformation in India as close to two third of the population is predominantly in the rural regions. The Government of India has over the decades implemented several rural development schemes that are focused on poverty reduction, creation of employment, development of the infrastructure and social welfare. Major schemes like the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana ( PMAY) and the National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) have transformed the rural lives. The effect of these schemes is discussed in this research paper based on the systematic review of the current literature and analysis of secondary data. The study assesses such socio-economic outcomes as the creation of employment, increased income, decreased poverty, gender empowerment, infrastructure creation, and rural resilience. Results show that employing the employment guarantee schemes has greatly decreased the distress migration and enhanced the rural wage rates whereas infrastructure schemes like rural road connectivity have enhanced access to the markets, access to healthcare accessibility, and education. Nonetheless, the paper also lists issues like inefficiencies in implementation, geographical differences, governance limitations, and gaps in targeting. In spite of these shortcomings, the rural development programmes have played a significant role towards inclusive growth and human development in India. The paper will also give a conclusion by suggesting more decentralization, data-driven governance, and integrated rural policy frameworks to improve scheme effectiveness.
THE RISE OF SELF-RELIANT WOMEN IN INDIA
Authors: NEELAM KURIL
Abstract: The rise of self-reliant women in India reflects a significant transformation in the country’s social, economic, and political landscape. Self-reliance extends beyond formal equality to include women’s capacity for independent decision-making, economic participation, and leadership across public and private spheres. Historically, women in India have demonstrated resilience and capability; however, structural inequalities, gender-based discrimination, wage disparities, and limited access to resources continue to restrict their full participation.Despite constituting nearly half of the population, women remain underrepresented in employment and political institutions. Expanding access to education, skill development, financial resources, and governance structures has created new opportunities, yet persistent social norms and institutional barriers hinder substantive progress. The advancement of self-reliant women requires not only supportive legal frameworks and policy initiatives but also structural reforms and societal transformation.Strengthening women’s autonomy, economic independence, and leadership participation is essential for inclusive and sustainable national development. A self-reliant India can be realized only when women are recognized as active agents of growth and equal contributors to the nation’s future.
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Leveraging 5G Networks for Seamless Digital Libraries: Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions
Authors: Dr. Gaurav Kumar Jaiswal
Abstract: The advent of fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks marks a transformative shift for digital library ecosystems, offering unprecedented speeds, ultra-low latency, and enhanced connectivity that collectively support seamless access, delivery, and interaction with digital content. This paper investigates the opportunities, challenges, and future directions associated with integrating 5G into digital library infrastructures. We explore how 5G enables real-time access to rich multimedia resources, supports advanced applications such as augmented/virtual reality (AR/VR) learning environments, and facilitates personalized user experiences through intelligent edge computing. However, the adoption of 5G also introduces significant issues related to infrastructure costs, data privacy and security, interoperability, and the digital divide. Through a comprehensive literature review and analysis of emerging 5G-enabled use cases in academic and public library settings, we identify critical technical and organizational barriers that must be addressed to realize the full potential of 5G in scholarly information services. Finally, we outline a roadmap for future research that emphasizes scalable network architectures, context-aware content delivery, equitable access strategies, and robust security frameworks. The insights presented aim to inform stakeholders and guide the development of resilient, user-centric digital libraries in the 5G era. Purpose: The advent of 5G technology presents unprecedented opportunities for transforming digital library services by enabling faster, seamless, and more reliable access to resources. This study explores the potential applications of 5G networks in enhancing digital library operations, analyzes the challenges associated with their adoption, and outlines future directions for research and implementation in library ecosystems. Methodology: This study uses a mixed-methods approach, including a literature review, interviews with library professionals, case studies, and technical analysis to evaluate 5G adoption in libraries, focusing on success and challenges and their implications for library services. Findings: The study suggests that 5G networks can revolutionize digital libraries by enabling high-speed multimedia access, real-time virtual and augmented reality applications, and improved resource-sharing but faces challenges like high implementation costs. Conclusion: The study suggests that 5G technology can revolutionize digital libraries but requires strategic planning, investment, and stakeholder collaboration. Future research should focus on pilot projects, cost-effective solutions, and guidelines for 5G ecosystems.
Effect Of Decreasing Rainfall And Increasing Temperature On Bajra Production In Rajasthan: Challenges And Adaptation Practices
Authors: Siya Uikey
Abstract: In Rajasthan, bajra (pearl millet) is beyond just a crop, it is a symbol of livelihood, nutrition and culture in one of the driest places on earth. After all bajra as a crop knows loss, as it, "will grow where no other crop will survive" the climate is changing, temperatures are beginning to rise, and rains are becoming inconsistent. We are able to hold a precarious, ancestral, collective balance, between land and what grows.In this article, we examine the impact of climatic changes—specifically decreasing precipitation and increasing temperatures—on Bajra production in Rajasthan. We address the challenges faced by farmers such as reduced yields and mounting debt and we describe the innovative adaptation strategies farmers are employing. We note that a few key facts arise from this data: for example, a 10-15% decrease in yield is strongly correlated with a 15% decrease in monsoon rainfall, and a 1.5°C increase in average growing-season temperature, over the last couple of decades, though adaptation narratives continue. Farmers adopt drought-resistant seeds and rainwater harvesting, and over 70% of them reported that their crop security is better, and they lose less as a result of adaptation. Given what I have said, results can pose an important lesson. Threats to food security in the state are real and immediate. Addressing climate change in the present, and not ignoring it to the future, will mitigate the consequences. Bajra's resilience and some innovative approaches give reason to be optimistic. A truly positive future may be achieved through the integration of modern science. However, we first need to build the vision and ensure it can be achieved. Farmers are resilient, but so should the systems be built around them.Bajra’s situation in Rajasthan is an example of problematic situations faced in multiple places in the world. It shows that the scope of adaptation goes beyond mere technical adjustments at the level of culture and agriculture. It is the designing of farming systems that observe the realities of climate change and the pressures that come with it, and adjust with us.
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Performance And Growth Analysis Of Mutual Funds And ULIPs In India: Investor Behaviour, Digital Financial Technologies (AI, Machine Learning, Blockchain), And Sustainable Investment Trends.
Authors: P. Prasanna, Mounika Beeravalli, Manea Swathi
Abstract: The present study investigates the performance and growth dynamics of mutual funds and Unit Linked Insurance Plans (ULIPs) in India by integrating investor behaviour, digital financial technologies, and sustainable investment trends into a comprehensive analytical framework. Using a quantitative research design, primary data were collected from 198 retail investors, complemented by secondary financial performance data. Statistical techniques including descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation, independent sample t-test, ANOVA, multiple regression, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), and moderation analysis were employed using SPSS.The results indicate that mutual funds outperform ULIPs in terms of risk-adjusted returns, as reflected by higher Sharpe and Treynor ratios, positive Jensen’s alpha, and superior compound annual growth rates. Investor behaviour, particularly risk perception and financial awareness, significantly influences investment preference. The findings further reveal that Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and blockchain-based transparency positively affect investor trust and perceived performance.Digital financial literacy significantly moderates the relationship between fintech adoption and investment preference, suggesting that technologically informed investors are more likely to adopt AI-driven financial tools. Additionally, sustainable investment orientation positively influences investment decisions, highlighting the growing importance of ESG considerations in financial markets.The study contributes to the literature by providing an integrated empirical framework linking financial performance, technology adoption, investor behaviour, and sustainability in the Indian investment context. The findings offer valuable insights for asset management companies, insurance providers, policymakers, and investors aiming to enhance technology-driven and sustainability-oriented investment strategies.
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Youth Unemployment: Comparison of Influence and Policy Factors in The Baltic Countries and East Asia on The Example of Lithuania and South Korea
Authors: Anastasiia Puha, Tetiana Koroi
Abstract: This study examines the factors that influence the youth unemployment market in the Baltic States and East Asia. The study identifies the main factors that influence youth unemployment in the two regions, such as urbanization, education, and average annual wages. The comparative analysis reveals the commonalities and unique similarities that are characteristic of the two regions. The aim of the study is to analyze the influencing factors and, using regression analysis, establish the relationship between the factors and youth unemployment. The results highlight the importance of understanding the factors that influence youth unemployment in Lithuania and South Korea and combating them.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18770719
Impact of Inflation on Middle Class Families in India
Authors: Gautam Rekha Suryakant, Kamlesh kumar
Abstract: Inflation has become one of the most urgent macroeconomic issues of the household wellbeing of the emerging economies like India. Middle-class families are the most vulnerable of all socio-economic categories because they rely heavily on the salaried income, a certain degree of savings buffer, and often contain no particular subsidies provided to families with lower incomes. It is proposed that this research paper explores how inflation impacts the socio-economic life of the middle-class families in India due to an adequate compilation of academic literature, policy reports and macroeconomic research. The examination shows that chronic inflation is highly efficient in watering down the purchasing power, altering consumption habits, saving in addition to causing financial vulnerability. The rise in the cost of the basic necessities such as food, fuel, houses, healthcare and education has not affected the middle-income households equally because it has required that households to adjust to changes in their methods of spending and putting off long term investments. These transformations with time endanger the finance needs of these households where the saving of wealth with budgeting to live replace each other. The findings indicate that inflation reduces the real wages gains that leads to a fall in the standards of lives even though the growth in nominal incomes is experienced. The cost of houses and services is more of a challenge to the middle-class households in the city more so. Inflation is also useful in accumulating the debt levels since households resort to the use of credit instruments in order to sustain the lifestyle. This greater reliance on borrowing is a sign of a structural imbalance of the growth as well as the requirement expenditures that can expose households to the long term financial risks. Besides the economic effect, inflation causes psychological stress and shift of aspirations, this affects the general standard of living. High uncertainty is typically a cause of a decline in spending, vacillation in making life decisions and negativity of future economic success.
Race And Ethnicity In Africa: Power, Social Ontology, And The Normative Pursuit Of Justice And Transformation
Authors: Oluwaseun. M. Adesina
Abstract: Race and ethnicity remain among the most powerful forces shaping political authority, social hierarchy, and patterns of inclusion and exclusion across Africa. While race is often framed as a colonial imposition and ethnicity as an indigenous cultural identity, this distinction obscures their shared function as socially constructed ontological categories embedded in relations of power. This article advances a comprehensive philosophical and comparative analysis of race and ethnicity in Africa, integrating social ontology, postcolonial theory, critical race theory, and African normative philosophy. Drawing on case studies from Rwanda, Nigeria, Kenya, Sudan, Ghana, and South Africa, the paper demonstrates how identity categories are historically produced, institutionally embedded, and ethically consequential. It develops a conceptual model linking power, ontology, and injustice, and argues that meaningful justice and transformation in Africa require not only institutional reform but ontological reconstruction grounded in recognition, relationality, and shared humanity.
The Psychological And Social Characteristics Of Generation Z In The Digital Age.
Authors: Dr. Arati Basumatary
Abstract: Generation Z, comprising individuals born between 1997 and 2012, has been shaped by a rapidly transforming digital and global environment. This generation has grown up witnessing the expansion of information technology, the influence of social media, globalization, competitive education systems, and global crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change. These factors have significantly influenced their mindset, behaviour, and values. This paper attempts to analyse the mentality of Generation Z by examining their realism, emphasis on personal freedom, digital lifestyle, social awareness, entrepreneurial tendencies, anxiety, impatience, and mental-health consciousness. While concerns such as social isolation, anxiety, and impatience are evident, Generation Z also displays adaptability, innovation, technological proficiency, and social responsibility. The study highlights the need for society to understand these changing psychological traits and to guide this generation toward positive and constructive development.
Development, Nutritional Characterization, And Sensory Evaluation Of A Sago-Based Functional Snack Fortified With Salvia Hispanica, Moringa Oleifera, And Withania Somnifera.
Authors: Kishan Bharadwaj Panda, Pratik Sankalp Panda, Pratikshya Mund, Nilu kumari Padhy, Dr. B.Rabi Prasad
Abstract: The modern food industry is shifting toward "Nutraceuticals"—foods that offer medical or health benefits. This study explores the formulation of "Power Poppers," a traditional sago-based snack enhanced with Chia seeds, Moringa, and Ashwagandha. The research aims to improve the glycemic index and nutrient density of sago. Results (simulated) indicate that a 5% incorporation of Moringa significantly enhances the antioxidant profile (DPPH assay) while maintaining sensory acceptability. This study provides a framework for the commercialization of adaptogen-infused traditional snacks.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18872804
Indian Bilingual Students: Challenges In English Academic Writing
Authors: Ankita Bharti, Pritama Devi
Abstract: The usefulness of blended learning in helping prospective teachers to learn English reading comprehension is investigated in this study. Conventional approaches to improving students' English comprehension are being questioned. To improve their knowledge and reading comprehension of English, the study's researchers tried to implement blended learning. In this work, the experimental method was used. The study's sample consisted of 70 students from the prospective Teachers of a College of Education of Kerala State. There were thirty-five pupils in the Control group and thirty-five more in the Experimental group. A self-made achievement test created by the researcher served as the study's instrument. Learning English comprehension through blended learning is more successful than using traditional approaches.
Scientific Career Aspirations Among Indian Students: The Roles Of Science Capital, Self-Efficacy, And Social Context.
Authors: Jeffrin Joseph Stephen, Dr Sangeeta Gupta
Abstract: The desires to pursue a scientific career are not just a result of academic achievement, they are created in terms of beliefs about science by students, the resources and connections that science feels like it belongs to me, and the opportunity it appears to them to offer. The existing literature indicates that career goals in science are structured by social benefit and exposure to science-related resources (science capital), and that interest is transformed into career intentions with the assistance of self-efficacy and social resources (Archer et al., 2012; Archer et al., 2015; DeWitt and Archer, 2015). The lack of balance in STEM access and gender roles still affects the people who can and cannot dream of and follow careers in science in India (Gopinath, 2025; Gupta, 2022). The present paper represents an empirical-type research report based on a structured survey design and illustrative (synthetic) data to show how the constructs in question can be analyzed in an Indian student sample. Scientific career aspiration, science self-efficacy, science capital, parental support, school exposure, and perceived barriers were measured using a cross-sectional questionnaire (N = 480; Classes XI -XII and first-year undergraduate students). Multiple regression showed science self-efficacy and science capital to have the largest predictive ability in scientific career aspiration, and perceived barriers had a negative ability in predicting aspiration. The differences in sex were partially described by the differences in self-efficacy, access to mentoring and perceived fit. Results support the significance of science enrichment in schools, visible role models, formal mentoring, and family facing career information as key intervention mechanisms to increase the range of participation in scientific careers in India.
Depression, Disability And Student Well-being: A Conceptual Exploration
Authors: Dr. Tinni Parial, Dr. Manikanta Paria, Prof. (Dr.) Muktipada Sinha
Abstract: This paper looks at how depression and disability come together in the lives of students, and tries to understand the heavy and often overlooked burden carried by this group. Students with disabilities face all kinds of barriers such as physical, mental, social, institutional, and even technological. These walls do not just make life harder; they also push them toward depression. And once depression sets in, it starts eating away at their confidence, their grades, their friendships, and their sense of wellbeing. It becomes a loop that is hard to break; one that often ends in dropping out and shutting the door on many future opportunities. The paper argues that we need to step back and look at the whole picture. Quick fixes will not work. What we need is real inclusion; campuses that are truly accessible, people who are genuinely aware, mental health support that is actually available, and strong partnerships between teachers, policymakers, and the community. When we get this right, students with disabilities are not just surviving school; they are finding their footing, growing, and contributing. And when that happens, the whole campus becomes a better place for everyone.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18884808
Who Owns Corporations?
Authors: Dr. Vidya Hattangadi
Abstract: A corporate entity is a legally recognized organization such as a corporation, limited liability company (LLC), or partnership that exists separately from its owners or shareholders. As a distinct legal person, it possesses its own legal rights and responsibilities, enabling it to enter into contracts, own property, incur debts, sue or be sued, and pay taxes independently of its owners. One of the primary advantages of this structure is limited liability, which protects the personal assets of shareholders or members from the debts and obligations of the business.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18898844
From The Red Corridor To The Road To Development: The Decline Of Left-Wing Extremism In India And Its Impact On Development In Affected States
Authors: Dr Hrishikesh M Bevanur
Abstract: Left-Wing Extremism (LWE), commonly known as Naxalism or Maoism, has constituted one of India's most persistent and consequential internal security challenges since the Naxalbari uprising of 1967. At its peak in the late 2000s, the movement influenced an estimated 180 districts across a sprawling Red Corridor that bisected central and eastern India, inflicting severe losses of life, undermining state authority, and systematically impeding the delivery of public goods and development infrastructure to some of the country's most marginalised tribal and agrarian communities. The decade following the launch of the National Policy and Action Plan (NPAP) in 2015 witnessed a dramatic and statistically robust decline in both the geographic extent and operational intensity of LWE: by April 2025, affected districts had contracted to eighteen across seven states, violent incidents had declined by over 80 percent from their 2010 peak, and resultant deaths had fallen by 86 percent. This article undertakes a multi-dimensional assessment of that decline and its developmental implications for the principal affected states — Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha, and their neighbours. Drawing on data from the Ministry of Home Affairs, NITI Aayog, National Health Mission, and peer-reviewed scholarship, the article analyses how LWE suppression has enabled accelerated infrastructure construction, financial inclusion, educational access, and healthcare delivery, while simultaneously interrogating the structural developmental deficits that persist and that, if unaddressed, risk reconstituting the conditions for LWE resurgence. The article concludes that India's experience offers a replicable but context-dependent model in which security operations and development investment must be pursued concurrently, not sequentially, and in which the resolution of underlying structural grievances — particularly concerning tribal land and forest rights — remains an indispensable condition for sustainable peace.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18918679
Export Trend Analysis and Future Forecast of Eggshell Powder and Its Value-Added Products in India
Authors: Dr. M. Kowsalya, Ms. Jayakeerthana, Ms. Abinaya
Abstract: This study examines eggshell powder and its value-added products, as well as their increasing industrial and economic importance. India produces a high number of eggs each year, resulting in substantial eggshell waste. Instead of being thrown, eggshells can be converted into beneficial goods such as calcium supplements, animal feed additives, fertilizers, and cosmetics. Utilizing eggshell waste reduces environmental contamination and encourages sustainable resource usage. The report analyzes export patterns using secondary data from sources such as the Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) and the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. Tools like as growth rate, and trend projection are used to assess previous export success and forecast future market opportunities.
A Systematic Literature Review On Training And Development Practices In Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Gorapalli Mounika, Ponnaganti Anuradha
Abstract: Training and development play a vital role in enhancing the quality and effectiveness of higher education institutions. As universities and colleges face increasing demands for improved teaching quality, research productivity, and technological integration, continuous professional development for faculty members has become essential. This review paper examines the concept, practices, and emerging trends in training and development within higher education institutions. The study synthesizes existing literature to analyze various training practices such as Faculty Development Programs (FDPs), pedagogical training, technology-based training, research development initiatives, and leadership and administrative training. The review also explores global and Indian perspectives on faculty development, highlighting the role of regulatory bodies such as the University Grants Commission (UGC) and the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) in promoting professional development programs. In addition, the paper discusses key challenges faced by higher education institutions in implementing training initiatives, including limited funding, lack of institutional support, heavy teaching workloads, resistance to change, and inadequate digital infrastructure. Furthermore, the study identifies emerging trends in faculty development such as online and blended training programs, the integration of artificial intelligence in teaching, continuous professional development (CPD), and international academic collaborations. The review also highlights important research gaps in the existing literature, particularly the need for empirical studies evaluating the effectiveness and long-term impact of training programs as well as research on digital faculty development. The findings suggest that strategic investment in faculty training, increased institutional support, technological integration, and global collaboration are essential for improving the quality of higher education. Continuous training and development initiatives are therefore crucial for strengthening teaching practices, enhancing research capabilities, and ensuring sustainable academic excellence in higher education institutions.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18920503
Dominance Hierarchies And Perceived Psychological Protection In Modern Organizations
Authors: Chumki Bose
Abstract: Human groups naturally organize themselves into dominance hierarchies that regulate authority, cooperation, and conflict management. While hierarchy has often been studied in terms of power distribution and leadership effectiveness, less attention has been given to its psychological role in shaping employees’ perception of safety and stability. This conceptual study examines how dominance hierarchies in modern organizations influence perceived psychological protection among individuals. Drawing on insights from evolutionary psychology, organizational behavior, and motivational theory, the paper explores the mechanisms through which hierarchical leadership structures create both psychological reassurance and potential stress. The study argues that moderate and clearly defined hierarchies provide cognitive order and perceived protection, while excessive dominance may reduce autonomy, creativity, and trust. By analyzing interdisciplinary literature, the research highlights the importance of balanced authority systems that combine structural leadership with participatory communication.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18923623
Empowering Tribal Women: A Policy Convergence Study Of Economic Agency In Jawadhu Hills, Tamil Nadu.
Authors: G.Ranganathan, Dr.C.Mohamed Faheem
Abstract: Tribal women underpin indigenous economies in India, yet their contributions have often remained informal and undervalued. In the Jawadhu Hills tribal corridor of northern Tamil Nadu (Tiruvannamalai, Tirupattur, and Vellore), Malayali tribal women have historically sustained rain-fed millet cultivation (samai and thenai), seed preservation, food processing, livestock rearing, and minor forest produce-based livelihoods (e.g., wild honey, gall nuts, tamarind), alongside ecological stewardship and indigenous medicinal practices; however, exclusion from formal banking and institutional credit has constrained economic autonomy beyond subsistence. This study aimed to examine how global gender parity standards, particularly the World Economic Forum’s Global Gender Gap Index (2023)—which reports India has closed 64.3% of the overall gender gap despite persistent rural/tribal disparities—align with and are operationalized through convergent policy interventions to enhance women’s economic agency in the Jawadhu Hills. Using a qualitative policy-analytical design based on secondary data, the study reviewed nine institutional and policy documents, budget reports, credit portals, and media case studies, and mapped local empowerment outcomes to the Index’s four pillars while conceptualizing a Triple-Engine Growth Model comprising Social Security, Asset Creation, and Industrial Scaling. Synthesis across Kalaignar Magalir Urimai Thittam (KMUT), TAHDCO, NABARD Wadi, Mahalir Thittam self-help groups, and Stand Up India indicates that baseline income security and digital inclusion (including 100% banking and Aadhaar integration via TNeGA) reduce livelihood risk, while asset-building through land and horticulture strengthens eligibility and productive capacity; institutional credit at scale (₹10 lakhs–₹1 crore) enables a shift toward value-added agro-entrepreneurship. The Performance Budget 2024–25 further catalyzes this transition through investments in tribal residential school infrastructure, fellowships, and farm-to-market roads, reinforcing intergenerational capability and market access. Overall, policy convergence supports a culturally continuous pathway of “modernization by enhancement,” suggesting a replicable blueprint for inclusive tribal development that links cash transfers with asset creation, embeds digital literacy in welfare delivery, and scales cultural-ecological assets such as organic millet and forest produce within a green economy framework.
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